| Diesel exhaust particles and airway inflammation. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 22234273 Owner: NLM Status: Publisher |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Epidemiologic investigation has associated traffic-related air pollution with adverse human health outcomes. The capacity of diesel exhaust particles (DEPs), a major emission source air pollution particle, to initiate an airway inflammation has subsequently been investigated. We review the recent controlled human exposures to diesel exhaust and DEPs, and summarize the investigations into the associations between this emission source air pollution particle and airway inflammation. RECENT FINDINGS: Using bronchoalveolar lavage, bronchial biopsies, and sputum collection, studies have demonstrated inflammation in the airways of healthy individuals after exposure to diesel exhaust and DEPs. This inflammation has included neutrophils, eosinophils, mast cells, and lymphocytes. Elevated expression and concentrations of inflammatory mediators have similarly been observed in the respiratory tract after diesel exhaust and DEP exposure. An increased sensitivity of asthmatic individuals to the proinflammatory effects of DEPs has not been confirmed. SUMMARY: Inflammation after diesel exhaust and DEP exposure is evident at higher concentrations only; there appears to be a threshold dose for DEPs approximating 300 μg/m. The lack of a biological response to DEPs at lower concentrations may reflect a contribution of gaseous constituents or interactions between DEPs and gaseous air pollutants to the human inflammatory response and function loss. |
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Authors:
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Andrew J Ghio; Candice B Smith; Michael C Madden |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: JOURNAL ARTICLE Date: 2012-1-9 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Current opinion in pulmonary medicine Volume: - ISSN: 1531-6971 ISO Abbreviation: - Publication Date: 2012 Jan |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2012-1-11 Completed Date: - Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 9503765 Medline TA: Curr Opin Pulm Med Country: - |
Other Details:
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Languages: ENG Pagination: - Citation Subset: - |
Affiliation:
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Environmental Public Health Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. |
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From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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