Document Detail


Diagnosis of tuberculosis in dialysis patients: current strategy.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  20413440     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
Patients with ESRD undergoing chronic dialysis are much more prone to develop tuberculosis (TB) than the general population. In these patients, the diagnosis of TB disease is often difficult because of prevailing extrapulmonary involvement and nonspecific symptoms. The prevalence of latent TB infection (LTBI) in ESRD patients is elevated, and those who become infected are at high risk of developing active disease. Therefore, screening for LTBI in this population is recommended, aiming to prevent progression to active TB and secondary contamination of others. The tuberculin skin test (TST), the classic diagnostic tool for LTBI, has several major drawbacks, including poor sensitivity (because of a high prevalence of anergy in dialysis patients) and specificity [with false-positive tests in those vaccinated with bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG)]. In the past 10 years or so, new immunological tests using IFN-gamma release assays (IGRAs) have become available and have shown superior sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of TB compared with the TST in several studies, some very recent ones including ESRD patients. Therefore, current strategy in dialysis patients should use these tests instead of TST for LTBI screening and as an aid for the diagnosis of active TB.
Authors:
Liviu Segall; Adrian Covic
Publication Detail:
Type:  Journal Article; Review     Date:  2010-04-22
Journal Detail:
Title:  Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN     Volume:  5     ISSN:  1555-905X     ISO Abbreviation:  Clin J Am Soc Nephrol     Publication Date:  2010 Jun 
Date Detail:
Created Date:  2010-06-09     Completed Date:  2010-09-20     Revised Date:  -    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  101271570     Medline TA:  Clin J Am Soc Nephrol     Country:  United States    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  1114-22     Citation Subset:  IM    
Affiliation:
Nephrology Department, Dr. C. I. Parhon Hospital, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Gr. T. Popa, Iaşi, Romania. l_segall@yahoo.com
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MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
Humans
Interferon-gamma / metabolism
Kidney Failure, Chronic / complications,  therapy*
Latent Tuberculosis / diagnosis*,  microbiology
Mass Screening* / methods
Mycobacterium tuberculosis / immunology*
Predictive Value of Tests
Renal Dialysis* / adverse effects
Sensitivity and Specificity
T-Lymphocytes / immunology,  microbiology
Tuberculin Test
Chemical
Reg. No./Substance:
82115-62-6/Interferon-gamma

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine


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