| Developmental changes in sequential activation of laryngeal abductor muscle and diaphragm in infants. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 1447088 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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In animals and human adults, upper airway muscle activity usually precedes inspiratory diaphragm activity. We examined the interaction of the posterior cricoarytenoid muscle (PCA), which abducts the larynx, and the diaphragm (DIA) in the control of airflow in newborn infants to assess the effect of maturation on respiratory muscle sequence. We recorded tidal volume, airflow, and DIA and PCA electromyograms (EMG) in 12 full-term, 14 premature, and 10 premature infants with apnea treated with aminophylline. In most breaths, onset of PCA EMG activity preceded onset of DIA EMG activity (lead breaths). In all subjects, we also observed breaths (range 6-61%) in which PCA EMG onset followed DIA EMG onset (lag breaths). DIA neural inspiratory duration and the neuromechanical delay between DIA EMG onset and inspiratory flow were longer in lag than in lead breaths (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01, respectively). The frequency of lag breaths was greater in the premature infants [33 +/- 4% (SE)] than in either the full-term infants (21 +/- 3%, P < 0.03) or the premature infants with apnea treated with aminophylline (16 +/- 2%, P < 0.01). We conclude that the expected sequence of onset of PCA and DIA EMG activity is frequently disrupted in newborn infants. Both maturation and respiratory stimulation with aminophylline improve the coordination of the PCA and DIA. |
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Authors:
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E C Eichenwald; R G Howell; P C Kosch; R A Ungarelli; J Lindsey; R Stark |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) Volume: 73 ISSN: 8750-7587 ISO Abbreviation: J. Appl. Physiol. Publication Date: 1992 Oct |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 1992-12-29 Completed Date: 1992-12-29 Revised Date: 2007-11-14 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 8502536 Medline TA: J Appl Physiol Country: UNITED STATES |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 1425-31 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts. |
Export Citation:
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APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex |
| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Apnea
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physiopathology Diaphragm / growth & development Electromyography Humans Infant, Newborn Infant, Premature Laryngeal Muscles / growth & development* Muscle Development* Respiratory Mechanics / physiology Respiratory Muscles / growth & development* Sleep / physiology Theophylline / pharmacokinetics |
| Grant Support | |
ID/Acronym/Agency:
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HL-34616/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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58-55-9/Theophylline |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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