| Development of behaviors in preterm infants: relation to sleeping and waking. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 14501545 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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BACKGROUND: Although nurse clinicians and researchers use infant behaviors to indicate the responses of preterm infant to stimulation, little is known about how the biological factors of development, sleeping and waking states, infant characteristics, and infant illness severity affect preterm infant behaviors. OBJECTIVE: This study examined the development of eight infant behaviors over the preterm period and determined the relation of these behaviors to sleeping and waking and to infant characteristics and illness severity. METHODS: Seventy-one preterm infants were observed once per week from 7:00 p.m. to 11:00 p.m. from the time they were no longer critical until term or discharge. The occurrence of four sleep-wake states and eight behaviors were recorded every 10 seconds during the observations. RESULTS: Negative facial expressions increased over the preterm period; sighs, startle/jerks, jitters, and the likelihood of having hiccups decreased. Infant characteristics had only minor effects: boys had more negative facial expressions, and longer mechanical ventilation was associated with more sighs and jitters. All behaviors showed state-related differences in frequency. In addition, only startle/jerks and jitters showed the same developmental patterns within each state. CONCLUSIONS: Significant development of infant behaviors occurs over the preterm period but involves changes not only in the absolute percentage of each behavior but also in the percentages within each sleeping and waking state. Thus, preterm infant behaviors cannot be used clinically for assessment without consideration of the state in which they occur. |
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Authors:
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Diane Holditch-Davis; Debra H Brandon; Todd Schwartz |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Nursing research Volume: 52 ISSN: 0029-6562 ISO Abbreviation: Nurs Res Publication Date: 2003 Sep-Oct |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2003-09-22 Completed Date: 2003-10-17 Revised Date: 2007-11-14 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 0376404 Medline TA: Nurs Res Country: United States |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 307-17 Citation Subset: AIM; IM; N |
Affiliation:
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School of Nursing, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 27599-7460, USA. diane_hd@unc.edu |
Export Citation:
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Activity Cycles
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physiology Adult Birth Weight Child Development / physiology* Cohort Studies Facial Expression Female Gestational Age Hiccup / etiology Humans Infant Infant Behavior / physiology* Infant, Newborn Infant, Premature / growth & development* Infant, Premature, Diseases / physiopathology Male Movement / physiology Nursing Assessment Regression Analysis Sex Characteristics Sleep / physiology* Startle Reaction / physiology Tremor / etiology Wakefulness / physiology* Yawning / physiology |
| Grant Support | |
ID/Acronym/Agency:
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NR01894/NR/NINR NIH HHS |
| Comments/Corrections | |
Erratum In:
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Nurs Res. 2004 Jan-Feb;53(1):27 |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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