| Determination of the effective hydrodynamic radii of small molecules by viscometry. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 13748878 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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The effective hydrodynamic radii of small uncharged molecules in dilute aqueous solution were determined using Einstein's classical theory of viscosity. The radii thus obtained are those of a hypothetical sphere whose hydrodynamic behavior is the same as that of the solute molecule plus that water of hydration which is too firmly bound to partake in the viscous shearing process. The results obtained compare favorably with radii determined from molecular models constructed in accordance with atomic dimensions compiled by Pauling. Although the application of the Einstein theory to molecules whose size is comparable to that of water represents a considerable extrapolation, the results suggest that this deviation from the assumptions of the theory, in the case of the molecules studied, is of second order importance. Employing the viscometric radii, we have formulated an empirical correction of the Stokes-Einstein diffusion equation. This correction is similar in form to those previously proposed by Cunningham (22) and Millikan (21) and is of particular significance when the solute molecule is comparable in size to the discontinuities of the surrounding medium. The molecular radii of a number of small organic molecules obtained by means of the corrected Stokes-Einstein equation do not differ significantly from the radii obtained from molecular models of these compounds. |
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Authors:
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S G SCHULTZ; A K SOLOMON |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article |
Journal Detail:
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Title: The Journal of general physiology Volume: 44 ISSN: 0022-1295 ISO Abbreviation: J. Gen. Physiol. Publication Date: 1961 Jul |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 1961-12-01 Completed Date: 1998-11-01 Revised Date: 2010-06-22 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 2985110R Medline TA: J Gen Physiol Country: Not Available |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 1189-99 Citation Subset: OM |
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Microchemistry* Viscosity* |
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From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
| Full Text | |
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Journal Information Journal ID (nlm-ta): J Gen Physiol ISSN: 0022-1295 ISSN: 1540-7748 Publisher: The Rockefeller University Press |
Article Information Download PDF  Copyright © Copyright, 1961, by The Rockefeller Institute Received Day: 2 Month: 12 Year: 1960 Print publication date: Day: 1 Month: 7 Year: 1961 Volume: 44 Issue: 6 First Page: 1189 Last Page: 1199 ID: 2195139 PubMed Id: 13748878 |
| Determination of the Effective Hydrodynamic Radii of Small Molecules by Viscometry | |
| Stanley G. Schultz | |
| A. K. Solomon | |
| From the Biophysical Laboratory, Harvard Medical School, Boston |
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