| Deep diving mammals: Dive behavior and circulatory adjustments contribute to bends avoidance. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 16413835 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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A mathematical model was created that predicted blood and tissue N(2) tension (P(N2)) during breath-hold diving. Measured muscle P(N2) from the bottlenose dolphin after diving repeatedly to 100 m (Tursiops truncatus [Ridgway and Howard, 1979, Science, 4423, 1182-1183]) was compared with predictions from the model. Lung collapse was modelled as a 100% pulmonary shunt which yielded tissue P(N2) similar to those reported for the dolphin. On the other hand, predicted muscle P(N2) for an animal with a dive response, reducing cardiac output by 66% from surface values (20.5 to 6.8l x min(-1)), also agreed well with observed values in the absence of lung collapse. In fact, modelling indicated that both cardiovascular adjustments and dive behaviour are important in reducing N2 uptake during diving and enhancing safe transfer of tissue and blood N2 back to the lung immediately before coming to the surface. In particular, diving bradycardia during the descent and bottom phase together with a reduced ascent rate and increase in heart rate reduced mixed venous P(N2) upon return to the surface by as much as 45%. This has important implications as small reductions in inert gas load (approximately 5%) can substantially reduce decompression sickness (DCS) risk by as much as 50% (Fahlman et al., 2001, J. Appl. Physiol. 91, 2720-2729). |
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Authors:
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A Fahlman; A Olszowka; Brian Bostrom; David R Jones |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Date: 2006-01-18 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Respiratory physiology & neurobiology Volume: 153 ISSN: 1569-9048 ISO Abbreviation: Respir Physiol Neurobiol Publication Date: 2006 Aug |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2006-07-31 Completed Date: 2006-09-29 Revised Date: 2007-07-12 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 101140022 Medline TA: Respir Physiol Neurobiol Country: Netherlands |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 66-77 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Department of Zoology, The University of British Columbia, 6270 University Blvd., Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z4. andreas_fahlman@yahoo.com |
Export Citation:
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Acclimatization
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physiology* Animals Behavior, Animal Blood Circulation / physiology* Decompression Sickness / prevention & control* Diving / physiology* Mammals / physiology* Models, Biological Nitrogen / blood Pulmonary Gas Exchange Respiration* Time Factors |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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7727-37-9/Nitrogen |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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