Document Detail


DHCR7 mutation carrier rates and prevalence of the RSH/Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome: where are the patients?
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  16906538     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
RSH/Smith-Lemli-Opitz (SLOS) is an inborn error of metabolism with protean manifestations. Its exact incidence and prevalence are not known; however, the carrier rate for the most frequently occurring mutation, the null mutation IVS8-1G > C, is approximately 1 in 100 for the Caucasian population in North America (1%) and possibly as high as 1 in 50 to 1 in 30 in Central European populations (2-3.3%). Based on the allele frequencies and the proportion of this mutation observed in various patient populations, the expected incidence of RSH/SLOS in those populations was calculated and reported to be between 1 in 1,590 and 1 in 17,000. However, around the world the observed prevalence and incidence are much lower than those calculated from the individual mutation carrier rates observed in any given population. The discrepancy between the expected incidence and prevalence can be explained only in part by the neonatal and infancy deaths of the most severely affected children with RSH/SLOS and the under ascertainment of mild and atypical cases at the mild end of the spectrum. RSH/SLOS may be responsible for a high number of miscarriages. Recent observations estimate the prevalence of SLOS at 16 weeks of gestation as similar to that observed at birth (approximately 1 in 60,000) suggesting that either reduced fertility of carrier couples or losses of affected embryos or fetuses in the first trimester play a significant role in reducing the second trimester prevalence of RSH/SLOS. It is possible that the estimates of carrier rates based on population screening for the most commonly occurring mutations may not reflect the true carrier rates in the population. In order to reconcile the above-mentioned paradoxes, we propose a model based on a higher than observed carrier frequency of the most common mutation and on very high fetal loss of homozygotes for that mutation.
Authors:
Małgorzata J M Nowaczyk; John S Waye; James D Douketis
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Publication Detail:
Type:  Journal Article; Review    
Journal Detail:
Title:  American journal of medical genetics. Part A     Volume:  140     ISSN:  1552-4825     ISO Abbreviation:  Am. J. Med. Genet. A     Publication Date:  2006 Oct 
Date Detail:
Created Date:  2006-09-28     Completed Date:  2006-11-29     Revised Date:  -    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  101235741     Medline TA:  Am J Med Genet A     Country:  United States    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  2057-62     Citation Subset:  IM    
Affiliation:
Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada. nowaczyk@hhsc.ca
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MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Canada / epidemiology
Female
Fetal Death / epidemiology,  genetics
Gene Frequency
Heterozygote
Homozygote
Humans
Infant
Infant, Newborn
Male
Models, Genetic
Mutation*
Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-CH Group Donors / deficiency,  genetics*
Pregnancy
Prenatal Diagnosis
Smith-Lemli-Opitz Syndrome / enzymology*,  epidemiology,  genetics*
Chemical
Reg. No./Substance:
EC 1.3.-/Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-CH Group Donors; EC 1.3.1.21/7-dehydrocholesterol reductase

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine


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