Document Detail


D-chiro-inositol glycans in insulin signaling and insulin resistance.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  20811656     Owner:  NLM     Status:  In-Process    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
Classical actions of insulin involve increased glucose uptake from the bloodstream and its metabolism in peripheral tissues, the most important and relevant effects for human health. However, nonoxidative and oxidative glucose disposal by activation of glycogen synthase (GS) and mitochondrial pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) remain incompletely explained by current models for insulin action. Since the discovery of insulin receptor Tyr kinase activity about 25 years ago, the dominant paradigm for intracellular signaling by insulin invokes protein phosphorylation downstream of the receptor and its primary Tyr phosphorylated substrates-the insulin receptor substrate family of proteins. This scheme accounts for most, but not all, intracellular actions of insulin. Essentially forgotten is the previous literature and continuing work on second messengers generated in cells in response to insulin. Treatment and even prevention of diabetes and metabolic syndrome will benefit from a more complete elucidation of cellular-signaling events activated by insulin, to include the actions of second messengers such as glycan molecules that contain D-chiro-inositol (DCI). The metabolism of DCI is associated with insulin sensitivity and resistance, supporting the concept that second messengers have a role in responses to and resistance to insulin.
Authors:
Joseph Larner; David L Brautigan; Michael O Thorner
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Publication Detail:
Type:  Journal Article     Date:  2010-08-27
Journal Detail:
Title:  Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.)     Volume:  16     ISSN:  1528-3658     ISO Abbreviation:  Mol. Med.     Publication Date:    2010 Nov-Dec
Date Detail:
Created Date:  2010-11-05     Completed Date:  -     Revised Date:  -    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  9501023     Medline TA:  Mol Med     Country:  United States    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  543-52     Citation Subset:  IM    
Affiliation:
Allomed Pharmaceuticals, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America. jl6d@virginia.edu
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MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Grant Support
ID/Acronym/Agency:
R01 DK076037-03/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS; R01 DK076037-04/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS

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