| Cyanotoxins: bioaccumulation and effects on aquatic animals. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 22363248 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Cyanobacteria are photosynthetic prokaryotes with wide geographic distribution that can produce secondary metabolites named cyanotoxins. These toxins can be classified into three main types according to their mechanism of action in vertebrates: hepatotoxins, dermatotoxins and neurotoxins. Many studies on the effects of cyanobacteria and their toxins over a wide range of aquatic organisms, including invertebrates and vertebrates, have reported acute effects (e.g., reduction in survivorship, feeding inhibition, paralysis), chronic effects (e.g., reduction in growth and fecundity), biochemical alterations (e.g., activity of phosphatases, GST, AChE, proteases), and behavioral alterations. Research has also focused on the potential for bioaccumulation and transferring of these toxins through the food chain. Although the herbivorous zooplankton is hypothesized as the main target of cyanotoxins, there is not unquestionable evidence of the deleterious effects of cyanobacteria and their toxins on these organisms. Also, the low toxin burden in secondary consumers points towards biodilution of microcystins in the food web as the predominant process. In this broad review we discuss important issues on bioaccumulation and the effects of cyanotoxins, with emphasis on microcystins, as well as drawbacks and future needs in this field of research. |
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Authors:
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Aloysio da S Ferrão-Filho; Betina Kozlowsky-Suzuki |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Review Date: 2011-12-16 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Marine drugs Volume: 9 ISSN: 1660-3397 ISO Abbreviation: Mar Drugs Publication Date: 2011 Dec |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2012-02-24 Completed Date: 2012-06-28 Revised Date: 2013-05-29 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 101213729 Medline TA: Mar Drugs Country: Switzerland |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 2729-72 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Laboratory of Evaluation and Promotion of Environmental Health, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Av. Brasil 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. aloysio@ioc.fiocruz.br |
Export Citation:
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Animals Bacterial Toxins / metabolism*, toxicity Cyanobacteria / pathogenicity* Microcystins / metabolism, toxicity |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Bacterial Toxins; 0/Microcystins |
| Comments/Corrections | |
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