| Crohn's disease-associated ATG16L1 polymorphism modulates pro-inflammatory cytokine responses selectively upon activation of NOD2. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 21406388 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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OBJECTIVE: Autophagy has recently been shown to modulate the production of pro-inflammatory cytokine production and to contribute to antigen processing and presentation through the major histocompatibility complex. Genetic variation in the autophagy gene ATG16L1 has been recently implicated in Crohn's disease pathogenesis. The mechanisms underlying this association are not yet known, although experimental models suggest an inhibitory effect of autophagy on interleukin 1β (IL-1β) responses. Here, the effect of ATG16L1 genetic variation on cytokine responses has been assessed in humans. DESIGN AND SETTING: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from healthy individuals and patients with Crohn's disease with different ATG16L1 genotypes were stimulated with ligands for Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2), TLR4 and nucleotide-binding oligomerisation domain 2 (NOD2), with or without the autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine. Induction of cytokine production and related factors were measured at the mRNA and protein level. Furthermore, protein levels of ATG16L1 were assessed by western blot. RESULTS: The present study demonstrates that cells isolated from individuals bearing the ATG16L1 Thr300Ala risk variant, which is shown to affect ATG16L1 protein expression upon NOD2 stimulation, display increased production of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-6, specifically after stimulation with NOD2 ligands. In contrast, no differences were found when cells were stimulated with TLR2 or TLR4 agonists. These findings were confirmed in two independent cohorts of volunteers and in a group of patients with Crohn's disease. The increased production could be ascribed to increased mRNA expression, while processing of pro-IL-1β by caspase-1 activation was not affected. The effect of the ATG16L1 polymorphism was abrogated when autophagy was blocked. CONCLUSIONS: The present study is the first to link the ATG16L1 polymorphism with an excessive production of IL-1β and IL-6 in humans, which may explain the effects of this polymorphism on the inflammatory process in Crohn's disease. |
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Authors:
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Theo S Plantinga; Tania O Crisan; Marije Oosting; Frank L van de Veerdonk; Dirk J de Jong; Dana J Philpott; Jos W M van der Meer; Stephen E Girardin; Leo A B Joosten; Mihai G Netea |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Date: 2011-03-15 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Gut Volume: 60 ISSN: 1468-3288 ISO Abbreviation: Gut Publication Date: 2011 Sep |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2011-08-08 Completed Date: 2011-10-13 Revised Date: 2012-05-11 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 2985108R Medline TA: Gut Country: England |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 1229-35 Citation Subset: AIM; IM |
Affiliation:
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Department of Medicine, Radboud University, Nijmegen Medical Centre, Internal postal code 463, P.O. Box 9101, Geert Grooteplein 8, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands. |
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Acetylmuramyl-Alanyl-Isoglutamine
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pharmacology Adenine / analogs & derivatives, pharmacology Autophagy / drug effects, genetics, immunology Carrier Proteins / biosynthesis, genetics* Caspase 1 / metabolism Cells, Cultured Crohn Disease / genetics*, immunology Cytokines / biosynthesis* Enzyme Activation / immunology Gene Expression Genetic Predisposition to Disease Humans Inflammation Mediators / metabolism* Interleukin-1beta / biosynthesis, genetics Interleukin-6 / biosynthesis Leukocytes, Mononuclear / immunology Nod2 Signaling Adaptor Protein / physiology* Polymorphism, Genetic RNA, Messenger / genetics |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/ATG16L1 protein, human; 0/Carrier Proteins; 0/Cytokines; 0/Inflammation Mediators; 0/Interleukin-1beta; 0/Interleukin-6; 0/NOD2 protein, human; 0/Nod2 Signaling Adaptor Protein; 0/RNA, Messenger; 5142-23-4/3-methyladenine; 53678-77-6/Acetylmuramyl-Alanyl-Isoglutamine; 73-24-5/Adenine; EC 3.4.22.36/Caspase 1 |
| Comments/Corrections | |
Comment In:
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Gastroenterology. 2012 Apr;142(4):1032-4
[PMID:
22361060
]
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From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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