Document Detail


Critical catalytic functional groups in the mechanism of aspartate-beta-semialdehyde dehydrogenase.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  15388927     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
Aspartate-beta-semialdehyde dehydrogenase (ASADH) catalyzes the reductive dephosphorylation of beta-aspartyl phosphate to L-aspartate-beta-semialdehyde in the aspartate biosynthetic pathway. This pathway is not found in humans or other eukaryotic organisms, yet is required for the production of threonine, isoleucine, methionine and lysine in most microorganisms. The mechanism of this enzyme has been examined through the structures of two active-site mutants of ASADH from Haemophilus influenzae. Replacement of the enzyme active-site cysteine with serine (C136S) leads to a dramatic loss of catalytic activity caused by the expected decrease in nucleophilicity, but also by a change in the orientation of the serine hydroxyl group relative to the cysteine thiolate. In contrast, in the H277N active-site mutant the introduced amide is oriented in virtually the same position as that of the histidine imidazole ring. However, a shift in the position of the bound reaction intermediate to accommodate this shorter asparagine side chain, coupled with the inability of this introduced amide to serve as a proton acceptor, results in a 100-fold decrease in the catalytic efficiency of H277N relative to the native enzyme. These mutant enzymes have the same overall fold and high structural identity to native ASADH. However, small perturbations in the positioning of essential catalytic groups or reactive intermediates have dramatic effects on catalytic efficiency.
Authors:
Julio Blanco; Roger A Moore; Christopher R Faehnle; Ronald E Viola
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Publication Detail:
Type:  Journal Article; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.     Date:  2004-09-23
Journal Detail:
Title:  Acta crystallographica. Section D, Biological crystallography     Volume:  60     ISSN:  0907-4449     ISO Abbreviation:  Acta Crystallogr. D Biol. Crystallogr.     Publication Date:  2004 Oct 
Date Detail:
Created Date:  2004-09-24     Completed Date:  2005-03-29     Revised Date:  2007-07-24    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  9305878     Medline TA:  Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr     Country:  Denmark    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  1808-15     Citation Subset:  IM    
Affiliation:
Department of Chemistry, University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio 43606, USA.
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MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Aspartate-Semialdehyde Dehydrogenase / chemistry*
Binding Sites
Catalysis
Catalytic Domain
Cysteine / chemistry
Haemophilus influenzae / enzymology
Kinetics
Models, Chemical
Models, Molecular
Mutation
Protein Binding
Protein Conformation
Protein Structure, Secondary
Protons
Serine / chemistry
Chemical
Reg. No./Substance:
0/Protons; 52-90-4/Cysteine; 56-45-1/Serine; EC 1.2.1.11/Aspartate-Semialdehyde Dehydrogenase

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