| Could sport specialization influence fitness and health of adults with mental retardation? | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 20434307 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Although several studies showed the positive effects of exercise and physical activity on health and well-being for individuals with ID, there is a lack of information about the influence of sport specialization on fitness and health components. Therefore, the aims of this study were to assess: (a) physical fitness of athletes with intellectual disability (ID) compared with individuals included in recreational and leisure activity programs (non-athletic people); (b) contribution of sport specialization on athletes' fitness; and c) correlation of each fitness variable with subjects' ID levels. Twenty-two track and field, 19 basketball, and 23 non-athletic adults were recruited. Before and after a 9-month period, all participants performed fitness tests assessing body composition, flexibility (SR), arm muscular strength (HG), lower and upper-body muscular strength and endurance (SUP and PUP), explosive leg power (SLJ), cardiovascular endurance (ST), balance ability (FT), motor coordination (TUGT). The results showed that participants' weight, BMI and FT were significantly affected by time; SLJ by activity; ST, HG, PUP, SUP, and TUGT by both time and activity. Only track and field athletes increased significantly ST. All athletes improved significantly HG, PUP and SUP, instead non-athletic people decreased significantly SUP (p<0.01). TUGT improved significantly in track and field athletes (p<0.05), and decreased significantly in non-athletic people. ID level was positively correlated to TUGT. Findings of this study showed that physical activity improved fitness in adult athletes with ID, decreasing health risks. Athletes with lower ID obtained higher performance scores in motor coordination test. |
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Authors:
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Laura Guidetti; Emanuele Franciosi; Maria Chiara Gallotta; Gian Pietro Emerenziani; Carlo Baldari |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Comparative Study; Journal Article Date: 2010-05-14 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Research in developmental disabilities Volume: 31 ISSN: 1873-3379 ISO Abbreviation: Res Dev Disabil Publication Date: 2010 Sep-Oct |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2010-06-02 Completed Date: 2010-09-30 Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 8709782 Medline TA: Res Dev Disabil Country: United States |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 1070-5 Citation Subset: IM |
Copyright Information:
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Copyright (c) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. |
Affiliation:
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Department of Health Sciences, University of Rome Foro Italico, Piazza Lauro De Bosis, 15, 00135 Rome, Italy. |
Export Citation:
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Adolescent Adult Basketball / psychology* Body Composition Body Mass Index Competitive Behavior Female Humans Leisure Activities Male Mental Retardation / psychology, rehabilitation* Middle Aged Muscle Strength Physical Endurance Physical Fitness* Pliability Postural Balance Psychomotor Performance Recreation Track and Field / psychology* Young Adult |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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