| Cortisol and hypertension. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 9809193 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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1. In humans, the hypertensive effects of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) infusion are reproduced by intravenous or oral cortisol. Oral cortisol increases blood pressure in a dose-dependent fashion. At a dose of 80-200 mg/day, the peak increases in systolic pressure are of the order of 15 mmHg. Increases in blood pressure are apparent within 24 h. 2. Cortisol-induced hypertension is accompanied by a significant sodium retention and volume expansion. Co-administration of the type I (mineralocorticoid) receptor antagonist spironolactone does not prevent the onset of cortisol-induced hypertension. Thus, sodium retention is not the primary mechanism of cortisol-induced hypertension. 3. Direct and indirect measures of sympathetic activity are unchanged or suppressed during cortisol administration, suggesting that cortisol-induced hypertension is not mediated by increased sympathetic tone. 4. Preliminary evidence in humans suggests that suppression of the nitric oxide system may play a role in cortisol-induced hypertension. 5. These potential mechanisms of cortisol action may be relevant in a number of clinical contexts, including Cushing's syndrome, apparent mineralocorticoid excess, the hypertension of liquorice abuse and chronic renal failure. There is also preliminary evidence suggesting a role for cortisol in essential hypertension. |
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Authors:
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J J Kelly; G Mangos; P M Williamson; J A Whitworth |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Review |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology. Supplement Volume: 25 ISSN: 0143-9294 ISO Abbreviation: Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol Suppl Publication Date: 1998 Nov |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 1999-01-28 Completed Date: 1999-01-28 Revised Date: 2006-11-15 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 7611484 Medline TA: Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol Suppl Country: AUSTRALIA |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: S51-6 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Department of Medicine, St George Hospital, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia. jkelly@s056.aone.net.au |
Export Citation:
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APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex |
| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Adrenocorticotropic Hormone
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pharmacology Animals Cardiac Output / drug effects Cushing Syndrome / etiology Epinephrine / metabolism Humans Hydrocortisone / pharmacology* Hypertension / chemically induced* Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / physiology Norepinephrine / metabolism Sodium / metabolism |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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50-23-7/Hydrocortisone; 51-41-2/Norepinephrine; 51-43-4/Epinephrine; 7440-23-5/Sodium; 9002-60-2/Adrenocorticotropic Hormone |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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