| Coronary vascular responses to short-term cocaine administration in conscious baboons compared with dogs. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 10758979 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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OBJECTIVES: Cardiovascular complications of cocaine use represent an important clinical problem, yet the mechanisms by which cocaine predisposes to myocardial ischemia are poorly understood. BACKGROUND: The effects of cocaine on the coronary circulation have been studied extensively in experimental animal models, but have failed to recapitulate the clinical findings reported in humans who use cocaine. METHODS: We studied 12 conscious, chronically instrumented dogs and 5 conscious, chronically instrumented baboons to determine whether there were important species differences in the response to cocaine. RESULTS: Comparable doses of intravenous cocaine caused similar increases in left ventricular systolic, diastolic and mean arterial pressure in the two species. However, the peak coronary blood flow response in baboons (+8 +/- 3 from 47 +/- 6 ml/min) was less compared with dogs (+15 +/- 4 from 41 +/- 4 ml/min), while the coronary vascular resistance response was greater in baboons (+0.60 +/- 0.09 from 1.94 +/- 0.09 mm Hg/ml/mm) compared with dogs (+0.35 +/- 0.09 from 2.24 +/- 0.10 mm Hg/ml/min). Although myocardial oxygen consumption responses were similar between species, there was a significant difference (p < 0.05) in oxygen delivery between baboons (+164 +/- 47 from 705 +/- 59 ml of oxygen per minute) and dogs (+397 +/-51 from 656 +/- 33 ml of oxygen per minute) that was attributable to a significant (p < 0.05) increase in hemoglobin concentration in dogs (+2.1 +/- 0.5 g/dl) that was not observed in baboons. Consequently, cocaine caused a significant increase in myocardial oxygen extraction and decreased coronary sinus pH in baboons, but not dogs. CONCLUSIONS: Cocaine caused greater coronary vasoconstriction and greater requirements for oxygen extraction in baboons compared with dogs. |
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Authors:
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R P Shannon; M A Mathier; Y T Shen |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Journal of the American College of Cardiology Volume: 35 ISSN: 0735-1097 ISO Abbreviation: J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. Publication Date: 2000 Apr |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2000-04-20 Completed Date: 2000-04-20 Revised Date: 2007-11-15 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 8301365 Medline TA: J Am Coll Cardiol Country: UNITED STATES |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 1347-54 Citation Subset: AIM; IM |
Affiliation:
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Department of Medicine, Allegheny General Hospital and the Cardiovascular & Pulmonary Research Institute, MCP Hahnemann University School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15212, USA. |
Export Citation:
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Animals Cocaine / adverse effects* Consciousness* Coronary Circulation / drug effects* Coronary Vessels / drug effects* Disease Models, Animal* Dogs* Drug Evaluation, Preclinical Female Hemodynamics / drug effects Injections, Intravenous Male Myocardial Ischemia / chemically induced*, metabolism, physiopathology Myocardium / metabolism Narcotics / adverse effects* Oxygen Consumption / drug effects Papio* Splenectomy Vasoconstrictor Agents / adverse effects* |
| Grant Support | |
ID/Acronym/Agency:
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DA-10480/DA/NIDA NIH HHS; HL-38070/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS; HL-59707/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Narcotics; 0/Vasoconstrictor Agents; 50-36-2/Cocaine |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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