Document Detail


Controlled ethyl tert-butyl ether (ETBE) exposure of male volunteers. II. Acute effects.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  9928677     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
The aim of this study was to evaluate acute effects of ethyl tert-butyl ether (ETBE) in man after short-term exposure. ETBE may in the future replace methyl tert-butyl ether, a widely used oxygenate in unleaded gasoline. Eight healthy male volunteers were exposed to ETBE vapor for 2 h at four levels (0, 5, 25, and 50 ppm) during light physical exercise. The subjects rated irritative symptoms, discomfort, and central nervous system effects in a questionnaire. Ocular (eye redness, tear film break-up time, conjunctival epithelial damage, and blinking frequency), nasal (acoustic rhinometry and analysis of inflammatory markers and cells in nasal lavage fluid), and pulmonary (peak expiratory flow, forced expiratory volume in 1 s, forced vital capacity, vital capacity, and transfer factor) measurements were performed. Significantly increased ratings of solvent smell (p = 0.001, repeated-measures ANOVA) were seen during exposures and correlated to exposure levels. Furthermore, significantly elevated ratings of discomfort in throat and airways were seen during and after 50 ppm compared to the control exposure (p = 0.02). Increased nasal swelling (p = 0.001) and blinking frequency (p = 0.01) were noted at all exposure levels, but their magnitudes were not related to exposure levels. A slightly impaired pulmonary function was seen at 25 and 50 ppm, since forced vital capacity (p = 0.02) and vital capacity (p = 0.04) differed significantly from the clean air exposure. Although the impairments seemed to fall within normal inter- and intraindividual variation and have no clinical relevance as such, it cannot be excluded that other individuals may react more severely than eight healthy male volunteers in this study.
Authors:
A Nihlén; A Löf; G Johanson
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Publication Detail:
Type:  Clinical Trial; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't    
Journal Detail:
Title:  Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology     Volume:  46     ISSN:  1096-6080     ISO Abbreviation:  Toxicol. Sci.     Publication Date:  1998 Nov 
Date Detail:
Created Date:  1999-05-03     Completed Date:  1999-05-03     Revised Date:  2010-09-17    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  9805461     Medline TA:  Toxicol Sci     Country:  UNITED STATES    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  143-50     Citation Subset:  IM    
Affiliation:
Department of Occupational Medicine, National Institute for Working Life, Solna, Sweden. Annsofi.Nihlen@niwl.se
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MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Administration, Inhalation
Adult
Air Pollutants / pharmacokinetics,  toxicity*
Animals
Blinking / drug effects
Ethyl Ethers / pharmacokinetics,  toxicity*
Exercise Test
Eye / drug effects
Gasoline / toxicity*
Humans
Lung / drug effects,  physiology
Male
Methyl Ethers / toxicity
Nasal Mucosa / drug effects
Rats
Respiratory Function Tests
Smell / drug effects
Chemical
Reg. No./Substance:
0/Air Pollutants; 0/Ethyl Ethers; 0/Gasoline; 0/Methyl Ethers; 1634-04-4/methyl tert-butyl ether; 637-92-3/ethyl tert-butyl ether

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine


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