| Contrasting reflex effects of chemosensitive and mechanosensitive vagal afferents. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 3391679 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Previous studies have identified two distinct types of cardiac vagal afferents, mechanosensitive and chemosensitive. We tested the hypothesis that these two types of vagal afferents mediate different reflex sympathetic nerve responses. We compared effects of stimulation of chemosensitive and mechanosensitive vagal afferents on renal and adrenal sympathetic nerve activity in rats. In anesthetized, sinoaortic baroreceptor-denervated rats, we measured arterial pressure, heart rate, and renal and adrenal sympathetic nerve activity during intrapericardial administration of phenyl diguanide as a stimulus for chemosensitive afferents and during volume expansion and acute occlusion of the ascending aorta as stimuli for mechanosensitive afferents. Stimulation of chemosensitive afferents with phenyl diguanide (3, 10, and 30 micrograms/kg intrapericardially) caused decreases in renal sympathetic nerve activity (-36 +/- 5, -52 +/- 11, and -71 +/- 5%; p less than 0.01) and in arterial pressure and heart rate but increased adrenal sympathetic nerve activity (+14 +/- 27, +63 +/- 21, and +83 +/- 28%; p less than 0.05). These responses were abolished by vagotomy. Intrapericardial injection of saline vehicle did not change renal and adrenal sympathetic nerve activity. In contrast to the effects of phenyl diguanide, activation of mechanosensitive afferents by volume expansion with intravenous infusion of 6% dextran in 0.9% saline (Dextran 75) decreased both renal and adrenal sympathetic nerve activity. Stimulation of mechanosensitive afferents by acute occlusion of the ascending aorta also decreased both renal and adrenal sympathetic nerve activity. These results indicate that chemosensitive and mechanosensitive cardiac vagal afferents produce different reflex responses: Chemosensitive afferents increase and mechanosensitive afferents decrease adrenal sympathetic outflow. |
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Authors:
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S Higuchi; D A Morgan; A L Mark |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Hypertension Volume: 11 ISSN: 0194-911X ISO Abbreviation: Hypertension Publication Date: 1988 Jun |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 1988-08-24 Completed Date: 1988-08-24 Revised Date: 2008-11-21 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 7906255 Medline TA: Hypertension Country: UNITED STATES |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 674-9 Citation Subset: IM; S |
Affiliation:
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Veterans Administration Medical Center, Iowa City, Iowa. |
Export Citation:
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APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex |
| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Adrenal Glands
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innervation Animals Biguanides / pharmacology* Blood Volume Chemoreceptor Cells / drug effects, physiology* Female Hemodynamics / drug effects Kidney / innervation Nitroprusside / pharmacology Pressoreceptors / drug effects, physiology* Rats Rats, Inbred Strains Stress, Mechanical Vagotomy Vagus Nerve / drug effects, physiology* |
| Grant Support | |
ID/Acronym/Agency:
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HL 14388/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Biguanides; 102-02-3/phenyl biguanide; 15078-28-1/Nitroprusside |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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