| Continuous monitoring of intracerebral glutamate levels in awake monkeys using microdialysis and enzyme fluorometric detection. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 12814842 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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A technique for continuous on-line detection of glutamate using brain microdialysis in awake primates is described. The method is based on an enzymatic assay using fluorescence detection of glutamate. The time resolution of the continuous fluorescent readout compares favorably with that of most published studies, which have used standard high-pressure liquid chromatography detection methods for glutamate. Exposure of the system to other amino acids (GABA, aspartate, glutamine, ascorbate, taurine, valine, alanine, and D-glutamate) revealed that this method is highly specific for L-glutamate. In vitro, the system detects reliably glutamate levels as low as 0.5 micromol/l. In vivo testing in the striatum of Rhesus macaques showed that glutamate levels were enhanced after reverse microdialysis with a glutamate uptake blocker. Stimulation with high potassium increased substantially the levels of glutamate, an effect that was calcium-dependent. Glutamate levels were also increased when the microdialysis solution contained the blocker of voltage-gated potassium channels, 4-aminopyridine. This technique effectively detects short-term changes in glutamate levels evoked by physiologic or pharmacologic manipulations in the primate brain. |
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Authors:
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Adriana Galvan; Yoland Smith; Thomas Wichmann |
Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Journal of neuroscience methods Volume: 126 ISSN: 0165-0270 ISO Abbreviation: J. Neurosci. Methods Publication Date: 2003 Jun |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2003-06-19 Completed Date: 2003-08-21 Revised Date: 2007-11-14 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 7905558 Medline TA: J Neurosci Methods Country: Netherlands |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 175-85 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA. |
Export Citation:
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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4-Aminopyridine
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pharmacology Animals Calcium / metabolism Electrodes Fluorescence Glutamate Dehydrogenase Glutamic Acid / metabolism* Macaca mulatta Male Microdialysis / instrumentation, methods* Monitoring, Physiologic / instrumentation, methods* Potassium / pharmacology Potassium Channel Blockers / pharmacology Putamen / metabolism* Sensitivity and Specificity Synaptic Transmission / drug effects, physiology Wakefulness |
| Grant Support | |
ID/Acronym/Agency:
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NS38399/NS/NINDS NIH HHS; R01-NS42937/NS/NINDS NIH HHS; RR00165/RR/NCRR NIH HHS |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Potassium Channel Blockers; 504-24-5/4-Aminopyridine; 56-86-0/Glutamic Acid; 7440-09-7/Potassium; 7440-70-2/Calcium; EC 1.4.1.2/Glutamate Dehydrogenase |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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