| Consumption of wheat aleurone-rich foods increases fasting plasma betaine and modestly decreases fasting homocysteine and LDL-cholesterol in adults. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 20980654 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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There is strong evidence that whole-grain foods protect against heart disease. Although underlying mechanisms and components are unclear, betaine, found at high levels in wheat aleurone, may play a role. We evaluated the effects of a diet high in wheat aleurone on plasma betaine and related measures. In a parallel, single-blinded intervention study, 79 healthy participants (aged 45-65 y, BMI ≥ 25 kg/m(2)) incorporated either aleurone-rich cereal products (27 g/d aleurone) or control products balanced for fiber and macronutrients into their habitual diets for 4 wk. Fasting blood samples were taken at baseline and postintervention (4 wk) from participants. Compared with the control, the aleurone products provided an additional 279 mg/d betaine and resulted in higher plasma betaine (P < 0.001; intervention effect size: 5.2 μmol/L) and lower plasma total homocysteine (tHcy) (P = 0.010; -0.7 μmol/L). Plasma dimethylglycine and methionine, which are products of betaine-mediated homocysteine remethylation, were also higher (P < 0.001; P = 0.027) relative to control. There were no significant effects on plasma choline or B vitamins (folate, riboflavin, and vitamin B-6). However, LDL cholesterol was lower than in the control group (P = 0.037). We conclude that incorporating aleurone-rich products into the habitual diet for 4 wk significantly increases plasma betaine concentrations and lowers tHcy, which is attributable to enhanced betaine-homocysteine methyltransferase-mediated remethylation of homocysteine. Although this supports a role for betaine in the protective effects of whole grains, concomitant decreases in LDL suggest more than one component or mechanism may be responsible. |
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Authors:
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Ruth K Price; Edel M Keaveney; Lesley L Hamill; Julie M W Wallace; Mary Ward; Per M Ueland; Helene McNulty; J J Strain; Michael J Parker; Robert W Welch |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Date: 2010-10-27 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: The Journal of nutrition Volume: 140 ISSN: 1541-6100 ISO Abbreviation: J. Nutr. Publication Date: 2010 Dec |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2010-11-24 Completed Date: 2010-12-30 Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 0404243 Medline TA: J Nutr Country: United States |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 2153-7 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Northern Ireland Centre for Food and Health, University of Ulster, Coleraine, UK. |
| Data Bank Information | |
Bank Name/Acc. No.:
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ISRCTN/ISRCTN93336504 |
Export Citation:
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APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex |
| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Adult Aged Betaine / blood* Cholesterol, LDL / blood* Fasting* Homocysteine / blood* Humans Middle Aged Placebos Single-Blind Method Triticum / chemistry* |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Cholesterol, LDL; 0/Placebos; 107-43-7/Betaine; 454-28-4/Homocysteine |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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