Document Detail


Consumption of wheat aleurone-rich foods increases fasting plasma betaine and modestly decreases fasting homocysteine and LDL-cholesterol in adults.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  20980654     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
There is strong evidence that whole-grain foods protect against heart disease. Although underlying mechanisms and components are unclear, betaine, found at high levels in wheat aleurone, may play a role. We evaluated the effects of a diet high in wheat aleurone on plasma betaine and related measures. In a parallel, single-blinded intervention study, 79 healthy participants (aged 45-65 y, BMI ≥ 25 kg/m(2)) incorporated either aleurone-rich cereal products (27 g/d aleurone) or control products balanced for fiber and macronutrients into their habitual diets for 4 wk. Fasting blood samples were taken at baseline and postintervention (4 wk) from participants. Compared with the control, the aleurone products provided an additional 279 mg/d betaine and resulted in higher plasma betaine (P < 0.001; intervention effect size: 5.2 μmol/L) and lower plasma total homocysteine (tHcy) (P = 0.010; -0.7 μmol/L). Plasma dimethylglycine and methionine, which are products of betaine-mediated homocysteine remethylation, were also higher (P < 0.001; P = 0.027) relative to control. There were no significant effects on plasma choline or B vitamins (folate, riboflavin, and vitamin B-6). However, LDL cholesterol was lower than in the control group (P = 0.037). We conclude that incorporating aleurone-rich products into the habitual diet for 4 wk significantly increases plasma betaine concentrations and lowers tHcy, which is attributable to enhanced betaine-homocysteine methyltransferase-mediated remethylation of homocysteine. Although this supports a role for betaine in the protective effects of whole grains, concomitant decreases in LDL suggest more than one component or mechanism may be responsible.
Authors:
Ruth K Price; Edel M Keaveney; Lesley L Hamill; Julie M W Wallace; Mary Ward; Per M Ueland; Helene McNulty; J J Strain; Michael J Parker; Robert W Welch
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Publication Detail:
Type:  Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't     Date:  2010-10-27
Journal Detail:
Title:  The Journal of nutrition     Volume:  140     ISSN:  1541-6100     ISO Abbreviation:  J. Nutr.     Publication Date:  2010 Dec 
Date Detail:
Created Date:  2010-11-24     Completed Date:  2010-12-30     Revised Date:  -    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  0404243     Medline TA:  J Nutr     Country:  United States    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  2153-7     Citation Subset:  IM    
Affiliation:
Northern Ireland Centre for Food and Health, University of Ulster, Coleraine, UK.
Data Bank Information
Bank Name/Acc. No.:
ISRCTN/ISRCTN93336504
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MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Adult
Aged
Betaine / blood*
Cholesterol, LDL / blood*
Fasting*
Homocysteine / blood*
Humans
Middle Aged
Placebos
Single-Blind Method
Triticum / chemistry*
Chemical
Reg. No./Substance:
0/Cholesterol, LDL; 0/Placebos; 107-43-7/Betaine; 454-28-4/Homocysteine

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine


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