| Concurrent development of the head and pinnae and the acoustical cues to sound location in a precocious species, the chinchilla (Chinchilla lanigera). | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 20957506 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Sounds are filtered in a spatial- and frequency-dependent manner by the head and pinna giving rise to the acoustical cues to sound source location. These spectral and temporal transformations are dependent on the physical dimensions of the head and pinna. Therefore, the magnitudes of binaural sound location cues-the interaural time (ITD) and level (ILD) differences-are hypothesized to systematically increase while the lower frequency limit of substantial ILD production is expected to decrease due to the increase in head and pinna size during development. The frequency ranges of the monaural spectral notch cues to source elevation are also expected to decrease. This hypothesis was tested here by measuring directional transfer functions (DTFs), the directional components of head-related transfer functions, and the linear dimensions of the head and pinnae for chinchillas from birth through adulthood. Dimensions of the head and pinna increased by factors of 1.8 and 2.42, respectively, reaching adult values by ~6 weeks. From the DTFs, the ITDs, ILDs, and spectral shape cues were computed. Maximum ITDs increased by a factor of 1.75, from ~160 μs at birth (P0-1, first postnatal day) to 280 μs in adults. ILDs depended on source location and frequency exhibiting a shift in the frequency range of substantial ILD (>10 dB) from higher to lower frequencies with increasing head and pinnae size. Similar trends were observed for the spectral notch frequencies which ranged from 14.7-33.4 kHz at P0-1 to 5.3-19.1 kHz in adults. The development of the spectral notch cues, the spatial- and frequency-dependent distributions of DTF amplitude gain, acoustic directionality, maximum gain, and the acoustic axis were systematically related to the dimensions of the head and pinnae. The dimension of the head and pinnae in the chinchilla as well as the acoustical properties associated with them are mature by ~6 weeks. |
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Authors:
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Heath G Jones; Kanthaiah Koka; Jennifer L Thornton; Daniel J Tollin |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural Date: 2010-10-19 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology : JARO Volume: 12 ISSN: 1438-7573 ISO Abbreviation: J. Assoc. Res. Otolaryngol. Publication Date: 2011 Apr |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2011-03-01 Completed Date: 2011-06-16 Revised Date: 2012-04-02 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 100892857 Medline TA: J Assoc Res Otolaryngol Country: United States |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 127-40 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Neuroscience Training Program, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, East 19th Avenue, Aurora, CO 80045, USA. |
Export Citation:
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Acoustic Stimulation Acoustics* Aging / physiology Animals Animals, Newborn Auditory Pathways / growth & development, physiology Behavior, Animal / physiology* Chinchilla / growth & development, physiology* Cues* Ear Auricle / growth & development* Head / growth & development* Humans Models, Animal Sound Localization / physiology* |
| Grant Support | |
ID/Acronym/Agency:
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DC-006865/DC/NIDCD NIH HHS; P30 NS041854-05/NS/NINDS NIH HHS; T32NS007083/NS/NINDS NIH HHS |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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