| Concentrations of free-morphine in peripheral blood after recent use of heroin in overdose deaths and in apprehended drivers. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 21353406 Owner: NLM Status: Publisher |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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The concentration of free-morphine was determined in peripheral (femoral) blood from heroin-related deaths and compared with the concentration in venous blood from impaired drivers. The presence of 6-MAM in blood or urine served as a biomarker for recent use of heroin. Males dominated over females (p<0.001) in both the autopsy cases (88%) and the drivers (91%), although their mean age was about the same 33-35 y (p>0.05). Concentrations of free-morphine in blood were not associated with age of heroin users in Sweden (p>0.05). The median concentration of free-morphine was higher in autopsy cases (0.24mg/L, N=766) compared with apprehended drivers with 6-MAM in blood (0.15mg/L, N=124, p<0.05), and appreciably higher than in drivers with 6-MAM in urine but not in blood (0.03mg/L, N=1823, p<0.001). The free-morphine concentration was above 0.20mg/L in 65% of autopsy cases, 36% of drivers with 6-MAM in blood but only 1.4% of drivers with 6-MAM in urine. Poly-drug deaths had about the same concentrations of free-morphine in blood (0.24mg/L, N=703) as heroin-only deaths (0.25mg/L, N=63). The concentration of morphine in drug overdose deaths (median 0.25mg/L, N=669) was about the same as in traumatic deaths among heroin users (0.23mg/L, N=97). However, the concentration of morphine was lower when the deceased had consumed alcohol (0.18mg/L, N=104) compared with taking a benzodiazepine (0.32mg/L, N=94). The concentration distributions of free-morphine in blood in heroin-related deaths overlapped with the concentrations in impaired drivers, which makes the interpretation of toxicology results difficult without knowledge about tolerance to opiates in any individual case. |
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Authors:
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A W Jones; A Holmgren; J Ahlner |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: JOURNAL ARTICLE Date: 2011-2-23 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Forensic science international Volume: - ISSN: 1872-6283 ISO Abbreviation: - Publication Date: 2011 Feb |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2011-2-28 Completed Date: - Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 7902034 Medline TA: Forensic Sci Int Country: - |
Other Details:
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Languages: ENG Pagination: - Citation Subset: - |
Copyright Information:
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Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. |
Affiliation:
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Department of Forensic Genetics and Forensic Toxicology, National Board of Forensic Medicine, Artillerigatan 12, SE-587 58 Linköping, Sweden. |
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From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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