| Concentrations of cocaine and its major metabolite benzoylecgonine in blood samples from apprehended drivers in Sweden. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 18164886 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Cocaine and its major metabolite benzoylecgonine (BZE) were determined in blood samples from people arrested in Sweden for driving under the influence of drugs (DUID) over a 5-year period (2000-2004). Venous blood or urine if available, was subjected to a broad toxicological screening analysis for cannabis, cocaine metabolite, amphetamines, opiates and the major benzodiazepines. Verification and quantitative analysis of cocaine and BZE in blood was done by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) at limits of quantitation (LOQ) of 0.02mg/L for both substances. Over the study period 26,567 blood samples were analyzed and cocaine and/or BZE were verified in 795 cases (3%). The motorists using cocaine were predominantly men (>96%) with an average age of 28.3+/-7.1 years (+/-standard deviation, S.D.). The concentration of cocaine was below LOQ in 574 cases although BZE was determined at mean, median and highest concentrations of 0.19mg/L, 0.12mg/L and 1.3mg/L, respectively. In 221 cases, cocaine and BZE were together in the blood samples at mean and (median) concentrations of 0.076mg/L (0.05mg/L) and 0.859mg/L (0.70mg/L), respectively. The concentrations of BZE were always higher than the parent drug; mean BZE/cocaine ratio 14.2 (median 10.9) range 1-55. Cocaine and BZE were the only psychoactive substances reported in N=61 cases at mean (median) and highest concentrations of 0.095 (0.07) and 0.5mg/L for cocaine and 1.01 (0.70) and 3.1mg/L for BZE. Typical signs of drug influence noted by the arresting police officers included bloodshot and glossy eyes, agitation, difficulty in sitting still and incoherent speech. |
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Authors:
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A W Jones; A Holmgren; F C Kugelberg |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Date: 2007-12-31 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Forensic science international Volume: 177 ISSN: 1872-6283 ISO Abbreviation: Forensic Sci. Int. Publication Date: 2008 May |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2008-04-14 Completed Date: 2008-05-07 Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 7902034 Medline TA: Forensic Sci Int Country: Ireland |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 133-9 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Department of Forensic Genetics and Forensic Toxicology, National Board of Forensic Medicine, Artillerigatan 12, SE-581 33 Linköping, Sweden. wayne.jones@RMV.SE |
Export Citation:
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Adult Age Distribution Automobile Driving / legislation & jurisprudence* Cocaine / analogs & derivatives*, blood* Cocaine-Related Disorders / diagnosis Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors / blood* Female Forensic Toxicology Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Humans Male Sex Distribution Substance Abuse Detection Sweden |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors; 50-36-2/Cocaine; 519-09-5/benzoylecgonine |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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