| Comparison of ketamine and S(+)-ketamine, with romifidine and diazepam, for total intravenous anesthesia in horses. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 17565569 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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OBJECTIVE: To compare the quality of induction and recovery, degree of muscle relaxation, clinically apparent potency and cardiopulmonary effects of racemic ketamine or S(+)-ketamine when used for total intravenous anesthesia in horses. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective randomized clinical trial ANIMALS: Sixteen healthy stallions (323 +/- 99 kg), with a mean age of 6.2 years, undergoing castration. METHODS: Horses were pre-medicated with romifidine IV, 15 minutes before induction of anesthesia. Each animal was then randomly allocated to receive either diazepam and ketamine (DK) or diazepam and S(+)-ketamine (DKS) at similar doses to induce anesthesia. For maintenance of anesthesia, 1/4 of the initial bolus of ketamine alone or S(+)-ketamine alone was administered, as required. Heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR) and systolic blood pressure were measured before and at 10-minute intervals during recumbency. Time from induction to lateral recumbency, time from induction to first additional dose, time from last additional dose to return to sternal posture and time from last additional dose to standing were recorded, and a subjective evaluation of quality of induction, endotracheal intubation, muscle relaxation and quality of recovery was recorded. RESULTS: The quality of the induction and duration of anesthesia were similar in both groups. HR, RR and systolic blood pressure were not significantly different between groups. Although some animals which received DKS showed some minor excitatory effects (25% of them) during the induction of anesthesia, these animals received 32% fewer doses for the maintenance of anesthesia and the recovery scores were better. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: S(+)-ketamine showed some advantages over racemic ketamine, such as less anesthetic agent being required and better overall recovery from anesthesia. Further studies are needed to obtain the optimum induction dose for the S(+)-ketamine. |
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Authors:
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Renata B Rossetti; Silvia R Gaido Cortopassi; Tatiana Intelizano; Thaís S de Lima Machado; Rodrigo S Ferreira da Cruz |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Comparative Study; Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial Date: 2007-06-12 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia Volume: 35 ISSN: 1467-2987 ISO Abbreviation: Vet Anaesth Analg Publication Date: 2008 Jan |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2008-01-23 Completed Date: 2008-03-24 Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 100956422 Medline TA: Vet Anaesth Analg Country: England |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 30-7 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Departamento de Cirurgia, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. rerossetti@uol.com.br |
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Anesthesia, General
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veterinary* Anesthetics, Intravenous / administration & dosage, pharmacology* Animals Blood Pressure / drug effects Diazepam / administration & dosage, pharmacology Double-Blind Method Heart Rate / drug effects Horses / physiology*, surgery Imidazoles / administration & dosage, pharmacology Infusions, Intravenous / veterinary Ketamine / administration & dosage, pharmacology Male Orchiectomy / veterinary Prospective Studies Respiration / drug effects Treatment Outcome |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Anesthetics, Intravenous; 0/Imidazoles; 439-14-5/Diazepam; 65896-16-4/romifidine; 6740-88-1/Ketamine |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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