| Comparison of intravenous midazolam with pentobarbital for sedation for head computed tomography imaging. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 11099427 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of intravenous (IV) midazolam with that of IV pentobarbital when used for sedation for head computed tomography (CT) imaging in emergency department (ED) pediatric patients. METHODS: Prospective, randomized clinical trial in an urban children's hospital. During a two-and-a-half-year period, 55 patients were enrolled: 34 males and 21 females. Measurements included induction time, recovery time, efficacy, side effects, complications, and failure with each drug. Success of sedation was graded as good (GS), adequate (AS), poor (PS), or unsuccessful (US). RESULTS: Sedation for CT was used for patients with the following problems: head trauma (21/55), central nervous system pathology (17/55), ventriculoperitoneal shunt evaluation (6/55), periorbital cellulitis (6/55), and retropharyngeal abscess (5/55). Twenty-nine (53%) patients received pentobarbital (mean +/- SD dose 3.75 +/- 1. 10 mg/kg) and 26 (47%) patients received midazolam (mean +/- SD dose 0.2 +/- 0.03 mg/kg). In the pentobarbital group, 28 (97%) patients were scanned and successfully sedated. Pentobarbital's mean induction time was 6 minutes and duration of sedation averaged 86 minutes. In the midazolam group, only five (19%) patients were successfully scanned with midazolam alone. Of the 21 (81%) patients given midazolam who were unsuccessfully sedated, 12 (61%) were subsequently sedated with the addition of pentobarbital for completion of CT imaging. Mild oxygen desaturation, O(2) sat >90% yet <94%, was seen in only four patients. All four patients responded to blow-by oxygen and required no other intervention. CONCLUSION: Intravenous pentobarbital is more effective than IV midazolam for sedation of children requiring CT imaging. |
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Authors:
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D M Moro-Sutherland; J T Algren; P T Louis; C A Kozinetz; J E Shook |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Clinical Trial; Comparative Study; Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Academic emergency medicine : official journal of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine Volume: 7 ISSN: 1069-6563 ISO Abbreviation: Acad Emerg Med Publication Date: 2000 Dec |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2001-01-25 Completed Date: 2001-01-26 Revised Date: 2006-11-15 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 9418450 Medline TA: Acad Emerg Med Country: UNITED STATES |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 1370-5 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Department of Pediatrics, Section of Emergency Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA. dmsuther@texaschildrenshospital.org |
Export Citation:
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APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex |
| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Chi-Square Distribution Child Child, Preschool Emergency Service, Hospital Female Head / radiography* Hospitals, Pediatric Hospitals, Urban Humans Hypnotics and Sedatives / administration & dosage* Infant Injections, Intravenous Male Midazolam / administration & dosage* Pentobarbital / administration & dosage* Prospective Studies Tomography, X-Ray Computed* |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Hypnotics and Sedatives; 59467-70-8/Midazolam; 76-74-4/Pentobarbital |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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