| Comparison of complementary feeding strategies to meet zinc requirements of older breastfed infants. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 22648720 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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BACKGROUND: The low zinc intake from human milk at ∼6 mo of age predicts the dependence on complementary foods (CF) to meet the zinc requirements of older breastfed-only infants. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to compare major variables of zinc homeostasis and zinc status in 9-mo-old breastfed infants who were randomly assigned to different complementary food regimens. DESIGN: Forty-five exclusively breastfed 5-mo-old infants were randomly assigned to receive commercially available pureed meats, iron-and-zinc-fortified infant cereal (IZFC), or whole-grain, iron-only-fortified infant cereal (IFC) as the first and primary CF until completion of zinc metabolic studies between 9 and 10 mo of age. A zinc stable-isotope methodology was used to measure the fractional absorption of zinc (FAZ) in human milk and CF by dual-isotope ratios in urine. Calculated variables included the dietary intake from duplicate diets and 4-d test weighing, the total absorbed zinc (TAZ) from FAZ × diet zinc, and the exchangeable zinc pool size (EZP) from isotope enrichment in urine. RESULTS: Mean daily zinc intakes were significantly greater for the meat and IZFC groups than for the IFC group (P < 0.001); only intakes in meat and IZFC groups met estimated average requirements. Mean (±SEM) TAZ amounts were 0.80 ± 0.08, 0.71 ± 0.09, and 0.52 ± 0.05 mg/d for the meat, IZFC, and IFC groups, respectively (P = 0.027). Zinc from human milk contributed <25% of TAZ for all groups. The EZP correlated with both zinc intake (r = 0.43, P < 0.01) and TAZ (r = 0.54, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Zinc requirements for older breastfed-only infants are unlikely to be met without the regular consumption of either meats or zinc-fortified foods. |
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Authors:
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Nancy F Krebs; Jamie E Westcott; Diana L Culbertson; Lei Sian; Leland V Miller; K Michael Hambidge |
Publication Detail:
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Type: Comparative Study; Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Date: 2012-05-30 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: The American journal of clinical nutrition Volume: 96 ISSN: 1938-3207 ISO Abbreviation: Am. J. Clin. Nutr. Publication Date: 2012 Jul |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2012-06-21 Completed Date: 2012-09-07 Revised Date: 2013-04-16 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 0376027 Medline TA: Am J Clin Nutr Country: United States |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 30-5 Citation Subset: AIM; IM |
Affiliation:
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Department of Pediatrics, Section of Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, USA. nancy.krebs@ucdenver.edu |
Export Citation:
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Biological Markers
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blood,
urine Breast Feeding* Cereals / chemistry Colorado Female Food, Fortified / analysis Homeostasis Humans Infant Infant Food / analysis* Infant Nutritional Physiological Phenomena* Intestinal Absorption Male Meat Products / analysis Milk, Human / chemistry Nutritional Requirements Nutritional Status Phytic Acid / administration & dosage, analysis Zinc / administration & dosage*, analysis, deficiency, metabolism |
| Grant Support | |
ID/Acronym/Agency:
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K24 DK083772/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS; UL1 RR025780/RR/NCRR NIH HHS |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Biological Markers; 7440-66-6/Zinc; 83-86-3/Phytic Acid |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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