| Comparison of cancer risk estimates for vinyl chloride using animal and human data with a PBPK model. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 11453305 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Vinyl chloride (VC) is a trans-species carcinogen, producing tumors in a variety of tissues, from both inhalation and oral exposures, across a number of species. In particular, exposure to VC has been associated with a rare tumor, liver angiosarcoma, in a large number of studies in mice, rats, and humans. The mode of action for the carcinogenicity of VC appears to be a relatively straightforward example of DNA adduct formation by a reactive metabolite, leading to mutation, mistranscription, and neoplasia. The objective of the present analysis was to investigate the comparative potency of a classic genotoxic carcinogen across species, by performing a quantitative comparison of the carcinogenic potency of VC using data from inhalation and oral rodent bioassays as well as from human epidemiological studies. A physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model for VC was developed to support the target tissue dosimetry for the cancer risk assessment. Unlike previous models, the initial metabolism of VC was described as occurring via two saturable pathways, one representing low capacity-high affinity oxidation by CYP2E1 and the other (in the rodent) representing higher capacity-lower affinity oxidation by other isozymes of P450, producing in both cases chloroethylene oxide (CEO) and chloroacetaldehyde (CAA) as intermediate reactive products. Depletion of glutathione by reaction with CEO and CAA was also described. Animal-based risk estimates for human inhalation exposure to VC using total metabolism estimates from the PBPK model were consistent with risk estimates based on human epidemiological data, and were lower than those currently used in environmental decision-making by a factor of 80. |
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Authors:
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H J Clewell; P R Gentry; J M Gearhart; B C Allen; M E Andersen |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article |
Journal Detail:
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Title: The Science of the total environment Volume: 274 ISSN: 0048-9697 ISO Abbreviation: Sci. Total Environ. Publication Date: 2001 Jul |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2001-07-16 Completed Date: 2001-08-09 Revised Date: 2006-11-15 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 0330500 Medline TA: Sci Total Environ Country: Netherlands |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 37-66 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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KS Crump Group, Inc., ICF Consulting, Ruston, LA 71270, USA. hclewell@icfconsulting.com |
Export Citation:
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APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex |
| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Air Pollutants
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pharmacokinetics,
toxicity Animals Carcinogens / pharmacokinetics, toxicity* DNA Adducts Humans Mice Models, Biological Models, Statistical Monte Carlo Method Mutagenesis Neoplasms / chemically induced*, epidemiology* Rats Risk Assessment Risk Factors Transcription, Genetic Vinyl Chloride / pharmacokinetics*, toxicity* |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Air Pollutants; 0/Carcinogens; 0/DNA Adducts; 75-01-4/Vinyl Chloride |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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