| Cold exposure decreases the effectiveness of atropine-oxime treatment in organophosphate intoxication in rats and mice. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 2687080 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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1. The effect of cold environment on the acute toxicity of organophosphates (OP), without and with atropine-oxime treatment, was studied in rats and mice by exposing them to +5 and -5 degrees C temperature. The tested OPs and oximes (given intraperitoneally) were diisopropylfluorophosphate (DFP), isopropyl methylphosphonofluoridate (sarin) and dichlorovinyl phosphate (DDVP), pralidoxime (PAM) and obidoxime. 2. An exposure to low environmental temperature decreased the effectiveness of atropine-oxime therapy in OP poisoned rats and mice, evaluated by means of acute LD50 values. 3. The lowering of environmental temperature did not influence the ability of PAM to reactivate tissue cholinesterase in rats intoxicated by 0.5 x LD50 doses of DFP. 4. The acute toxicity of atropine and oximes was not affected by cold environment in rats, but in mice it was increased by 1.1-2.1 times. 5. The decrease in the effectiveness of atropine-oxime therapy at cold environment may be explained by the observation that the cold temperature sensitizes the animals to the inhibition of brain acetylcholinesterase by OP. |
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Authors:
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E Kaliste-Korhonen; R Ryhänen; P Ylitalo; O Hänninen |
Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't |
Journal Detail:
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Title: General pharmacology Volume: 20 ISSN: 0306-3623 ISO Abbreviation: Gen. Pharmacol. Publication Date: 1989 |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 1990-01-25 Completed Date: 1990-01-25 Revised Date: 2008-11-21 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 7602417 Medline TA: Gen Pharmacol Country: ENGLAND |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 805-9 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Department of Physiology, University of Kuopio, Finland. |
Export Citation:
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APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex |
| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Animals Antidotes* Atropine / pharmacology* Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases / antagonists & inhibitors, metabolism Cholinesterase Reactivators Cold Temperature Enzyme Reactivators Isoflurophate / poisoning Lethal Dose 50 Mice Obidoxime Chloride / pharmacology Organophosphorus Compounds / poisoning* Oximes / pharmacology* Pralidoxime Compounds / pharmacology Rats Rats, Inbred F344 |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Antidotes; 0/Cholinesterase Reactivators; 0/Enzyme Reactivators; 0/Organophosphorus Compounds; 0/Oximes; 0/Pralidoxime Compounds; 114-90-9/Obidoxime Chloride; 51-55-8/Atropine; 55-91-4/Isoflurophate; 6735-59-7/pralidoxime; EC 3.1.1.-/Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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