Document Detail


Cognitive deficits induced by global cerebral ischaemia: relationship to brain damage and reversal by transplants.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  7880447     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
The CA1 and hilar fields of the hippocampus are highly vulnerable to lack of oxygen after interruption of blood flow to the brain. Severe anterograde memory loss, seen in a significant proportion of heart attack survivors, has been attributed to selective bilateral ischaemic damage to the hippocampus. Animal models of global ischaemia, induced by extracranial occlusion of the major ascending arteries, enable assessment of the neuropathological and functional consequences of transient interruption of cerebral blood flow, and can inform strategies to reduce or alleviate ischaemic brain damage. This review focuses firstly on the nature of cognitive deficits induced by global ischaemia, how far they are consistent with lesion-based accounts of hippocampal function, and the extent to which these deficits can be correlated with CA1 cell loss. The second focus of the review is to examine the limited evidence for graft-induced recovery of cognitive function in animals subjected to global ischaemia. Recent findings that grafted foetal cells from discrete hippocampal fields follow appropriate laminar routes to form functional connections with host neurons, and that growth factors protect cells from ischaemic damage, have suggested that CA1 or trophic grafts placed in the region of ischaemic CA1 cell loss might restore or protect this vulnerable sector, and reduce cognitive deficits.
Authors:
J Nunn; H Hodges
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Publication Detail:
Type:  Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Review    
Journal Detail:
Title:  Behavioural brain research     Volume:  65     ISSN:  0166-4328     ISO Abbreviation:  Behav. Brain Res.     Publication Date:  1994 Nov 
Date Detail:
Created Date:  1995-04-13     Completed Date:  1995-04-13     Revised Date:  2009-09-29    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  8004872     Medline TA:  Behav Brain Res     Country:  NETHERLANDS    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  1-31     Citation Subset:  IM    
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, London, UK.
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MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Animals
Brain Damage, Chronic / physiopathology*
Brain Ischemia / physiopathology*
Brain Mapping
Brain Tissue Transplantation / physiology*
Cognition Disorders / physiopathology*
Escape Reaction / physiology
Fetal Tissue Transplantation / physiology
Hippocampus / embryology,  physiopathology*,  transplantation
Humans
Maze Learning / physiology
Mental Recall / physiology
Nerve Degeneration / physiology
Orientation / physiology
Rats
Retention (Psychology) / physiology
Grant Support
ID/Acronym/Agency:
//Wellcome Trust

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