Document Detail


Cochlear protection from carbon monoxide exposure by free radical blockers in the guinea pig.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  9007033     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
Acute carbon monoxide exposure produces a significant impairment in high-frequency auditory sensitivity that can be prevented using the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor blocker MK-801. This finding suggests an excitotoxic component to carbon monoxide ototoxicity and establishes the potential for free radical formation. Free radical scavengers and inhibitors are protective in many organs, including the brain and cochlea, during hypoxic events such as ischemia/reperfusion and, in the cochlea, during noise exposure. This study evaluated the protection afforded by two such agents, phenyl-n-tert-butyl-nitrone (PBN), which acts as a general free radical scavenger, and allopurinol, which acts as a free radical inhibitor specific to the xanthine oxidase metabolic pathway. Guinea pigs were pretreated with PBN (100 mg/kg i.p.), allopurinol (100 mg/kg i.p.), or saline 1 hr prior to exposure to carbon monoxide (35 ml/kg i.p.) or to an equal volume of air. They were monitored at 15, 30, and 60 min after carbon monoxide exposure for alterations in compound action potential threshold and cochlear microphonic amplitude. The groups receiving carbon monoxide alone displayed characteristic compound action potential threshold elevations particularly at the higher test frequencies (16-40 kHz), consistent with earlier studies; no loss of cochlear microphonic amplitude was exhibited. Both free radical inhibitors, PBN and allopurinol, blocked loss of auditory threshold sensitivity produced by carbon monoxide. These data suggest that free radical generation may play a significant role in the impairment of high-frequency auditory sensitivity resulting from carbon monoxide.
Authors:
L D Fechter; Y Liu; T A Pearce
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Publication Detail:
Type:  Journal Article; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.    
Journal Detail:
Title:  Toxicology and applied pharmacology     Volume:  142     ISSN:  0041-008X     ISO Abbreviation:  Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol.     Publication Date:  1997 Jan 
Date Detail:
Created Date:  1997-02-24     Completed Date:  1997-02-24     Revised Date:  2007-11-15    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  0416575     Medline TA:  Toxicol Appl Pharmacol     Country:  UNITED STATES    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  47-55     Citation Subset:  IM    
Affiliation:
Toxicology Program, College of Pharmacy, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City 73190, USA.
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MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Allopurinol / pharmacology,  therapeutic use*
Animals
Carbon Monoxide Poisoning / prevention & control*
Cell Hypoxia
Cochlea / drug effects*
Cochlear Microphonic Potentials / drug effects
Cyclic N-Oxides
Free Radical Scavengers / pharmacology,  therapeutic use*
Free Radicals
Guinea Pigs
Hearing Loss, Sensorineural / chemically induced,  prevention & control*
Neuroprotective Agents / pharmacology,  therapeutic use*
Nitrogen Oxides / pharmacology,  therapeutic use*
Oxidative Stress
Xanthine Oxidase / metabolism
Grant Support
ID/Acronym/Agency:
ES 02852/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS
Chemical
Reg. No./Substance:
0/Cyclic N-Oxides; 0/Free Radical Scavengers; 0/Free Radicals; 0/Neuroprotective Agents; 0/Nitrogen Oxides; 315-30-0/Allopurinol; 3376-24-7/phenyl-N-tert-butylnitrone; EC 1.17.3.2/Xanthine Oxidase

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine


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