| Cocaine and its metabolites in the placenta: A systematic review of the literature. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 22094170 Owner: NLM Status: Publisher |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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It is clear that cocaine and cocaine metabolites are present in the placenta and may harm the fetus. The results of the experimental manipulation of cocaine exposure are not reported in the literature in a consistent manner. We conducted a systematic review of selected articles that demonstrated the analytical detection of cocaine and its metabolites in the placenta and that were published from January 1, 1956-June 30, 2011 using Medline, Toxline and Scopus databases. The collected data confirm that the placenta does not act as a barrier to fetal exposure, that cocaine quickly crosses the placenta and that one of the essential roles of the placenta is to metabolize cocaine during pregnancy. Our systematic review summarized the results showing that cocaine, benzoylecgonine and norcocaine are stored in the myometrium and the placental membrane and maintain continuous drug delivery to the amniotic fluid (and to the fetus) probably via diffusion. |
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Authors:
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Nadia De Giovanni; Daniela Marchetti |
Publication Detail:
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Type: JOURNAL ARTICLE Date: 2011-11-6 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Reproductive toxicology (Elmsford, N.Y.) Volume: - ISSN: 1873-1708 ISO Abbreviation: - Publication Date: 2011 Nov |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2011-11-18 Completed Date: - Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 8803591 Medline TA: Reprod Toxicol Country: - |
Other Details:
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Languages: ENG Pagination: - Citation Subset: - |
Copyright Information:
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Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. |
Affiliation:
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Institute of Forensic Medicine, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito, 1, 00168 Rome, Italy. |
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From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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