| The Clinical Utility of the Protamine 1/Protamine 2 Ratio in Sperm. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 21443494 Owner: NLM Status: Publisher |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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During spermiogenesis, human sperm undergo a dramatic reorganization of the chromatin in which canonical histones are replaced by two types of protamines, protamine 1 (P1) and protamine (P2). P1 and P2 are expressed approximately at a 1:1 ratio in healthy men. Alteration of this ratio is associated with male infertility. Patients with an abnormal P1/P2 ratio generally exhibit diminished semen quality, lower fertilization ability, and lower pregnancy rates when undergoing in vitro fertilization. Many studies have reported an elevated incidence of abnormal P1/P2 ratios in infertile men compared to fertile controls, and have evaluated the relationship between infertility and abnormal protamination; however, no prospective study has investigated the normal range of the P1/P2 ratio in men from the general population. Here, we report a P1/P2 reference range of 0.54 to 1.43 in a fertile, normozoospermic population. This rather wide normal range of P1/P2 led us to the conclusion that abnormal protamination is more likely indicative of other perturbations during spermatogenesis than the underlying mechanism to cause infertility. Alternatively, protamine expression may act as a checkpoint mechanism and thus be indirectly related to semen quality. |
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Authors:
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Laszlo Nanassy; Lihua Liu; Jeanine Griffin; Douglas T Carrell |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: JOURNAL ARTICLE Date: 2011-3-28 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Protein and peptide letters Volume: - ISSN: 1875-5305 ISO Abbreviation: - Publication Date: 2011 Mar |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2011-3-29 Completed Date: - Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 9441434 Medline TA: Protein Pept Lett Country: - |
Other Details:
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Languages: ENG Pagination: - Citation Subset: - |
Affiliation:
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Andrology and IVF Laboratories, Department of Surgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA. douglas.carrell@hsc.utah.edu. |
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From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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