| Clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment of Mycobacterium haemophilum infections. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 21976605 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Mycobacterium haemophilum is a slowly growing acid-fast bacillus (AFB) belonging to the group of nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) frequently found in environmental habitats, which can colonize and occasionally infect humans and animals. Several findings suggest that water reservoirs are a likely source of M. haemophilum infections. M. haemophilum causes mainly ulcerating skin infections and arthritis in persons who are severely immunocompromised. Disseminated and pulmonary infections occasionally occur. The second at-risk group is otherwise healthy children, who typically develop cervical and perihilar lymphadenitis. A full diagnostic regimen for the optimal detection of M. haemophilum includes acid-fast staining, culturing at two temperatures with iron-supplemented media, and molecular detection. The most preferable molecular assay is a real-time PCR targeting an M. haemophilum-specific internal transcribed spacer (ITS), but another approach is the application of a generic PCR for a mycobacterium-specific fragment with subsequent sequencing to identify M. haemophilum. No standard treatment guidelines are available, but published literature agrees that immunocompromised patients should be treated with multiple antibiotics, tailored to the disease presentation and underlying degree of immune suppression. The outcome of M. haemophilum cervicofacial lymphadenitis in immunocompetent patients favors surgical intervention rather than antibiotic treatment. |
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Authors:
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Jerome A Lindeboom; Lesla E S Bruijnesteijn van Coppenraet; Dick van Soolingen; Jan M Prins; Eduard J Kuijper |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Review |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Clinical microbiology reviews Volume: 24 ISSN: 1098-6618 ISO Abbreviation: Clin. Microbiol. Rev. Publication Date: 2011 Oct |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2011-10-06 Completed Date: 2012-04-02 Revised Date: 2013-02-08 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 8807282 Medline TA: Clin Microbiol Rev Country: United States |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 701-17 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. |
Export Citation:
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Animals Humans Mycobacterium Infections / diagnosis*, microbiology, therapy* Mycobacterium haemophilum / genetics, isolation & purification* |
| Comments/Corrections | |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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