| Cigarette smoking and submaximal exercise test duration in a biracial population of young adults: the CARDIA study. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 8371651 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Symptom-limited, graded exercise treadmill testing was performed by 4,968 white and black adults, ages 18-30 yr, during the baseline examination for the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study. Compared with nonsmokers, the mean exercise test duration of smokers was 29-64 s shorter depending on race/gender group (all P < 0.001), but mean duration to heart rate 130 (beats.min-1) ranged from 20-50 s longer (P < 0.05). In each race/gender group, test duration to heart rates up to 150 was 15-35 s longer (P < 0.05) in smokers than in nonsmokers after adjustment for age, sum of skinfolds, hemoglobin, and physical activity score. The mean maximum heart rate was lower in smokers than in nonsmokers (difference ranging from 6.7 beats.min-1 in white men to 11.2 beats.min-1 lower in black women, P < 0.001), although maximum rating of perceived exertion was nearly identical in smokers and nonsmokers. Chronic smoking appears to blunt the heart rate response to exercise, so that exercise duration to submaximal heart rates is increased even though maximal performance is impaired. This may result from downloading of beta-receptors caused by smoking. Smoking status should be considered in the evaluation of physical fitness data utilizing submaximal test protocols, or else the fitness of smokers relative to nonsmokers is likely to be overestimated. |
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Authors:
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S Sidney; B Sternfeld; S S Gidding; D R Jacobs; D E Bild; A Oberman; W L Haskell; R S Crow; J M Gardin |
Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Multicenter Study; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Medicine and science in sports and exercise Volume: 25 ISSN: 0195-9131 ISO Abbreviation: Med Sci Sports Exerc Publication Date: 1993 Aug |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 1993-10-14 Completed Date: 1993-10-14 Revised Date: 2008-11-21 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 8005433 Medline TA: Med Sci Sports Exerc Country: UNITED STATES |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 911-6 Citation Subset: IM; S |
Affiliation:
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Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Medical Care Program, Oakland, CA 94611. |
Export Citation:
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APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex |
| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Adolescent Adult African Continental Ancestry Group Body Mass Index Cotinine / blood European Continental Ancestry Group Exercise Test Exercise Tolerance / physiology* Female Forced Expiratory Volume / physiology Heart Rate / physiology Hemoglobins / analysis Humans Male Physical Exertion / physiology* Physical Fitness / physiology Sex Factors Skinfold Thickness Smoking / physiopathology* Time Factors Workload |
| Grant Support | |
ID/Acronym/Agency:
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N01-HC-48047/HC/NHLBI NIH HHS; N01-HC-48048/HC/NHLBI NIH HHS; N01-HC-48049/HC/NHLBI NIH HHS |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Hemoglobins; 486-56-6/Cotinine |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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