Document Detail


Cigarette smoking abolishes ischemic preconditioning-induced augmentation of endothelium-dependent vasodilation.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  19237681     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
We have shown recently that repetition of ischemic preconditioning stimulus augments endothelium-dependent vasodilation in forearm circulation of healthy subjects through increases in NO production and the number of circulating progenitor cells under a local condition. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the "late" effect of ischemic preconditioning on endothelial function in smokers. Ischemic preconditioning was induced by upper-limb ischemia 6 times a day for 1 month. We evaluated forearm blood flow responses to acetylcholine and sodium nitroprusside before and after ischemic preconditioning stimulus in 15 male smokers (27+/-7 years) and 15 male nonsmokers (26+/-5 years). Forearm blood flow was measured by using a strain-gauge plethysmography. The ischemic preconditioning stimulus resulted in significant increases in the circulating level of circulating progenitor cells from 1029+/-261 to 1232+/-341 mL (P=0.02), cell migration response to vascular endothelial growth factor from 38+/-16 to 52+/-17 per high-power field (P=0.02), and forearm blood flow response to acetylcholine from 25.1+/-5.2 to 32.4+/-6.6 mL/min per 100 mL of tissue (P=0.002) in nonsmokers, but these did not change in the smoker group. The forearm blood flow responses to sodium nitroprusside before and after the ischemic preconditioning stimulus were similar. Intra-arterial infusion of N(G)-monomethyl-l-arginine, an NO synthase inhibitor, completely eliminated the ischemic preconditioning stimulus-induced augmentation of forearm blood flow responses to acetylcholine in nonsmokers. These findings suggest that repetition of ischemic preconditioning stimulus may be a simple, safe, and feasible therapeutic technique for endothelial protection of peripheral vessels. However, smoking abolishes ischemic preconditioning stimulus-induced augmentation of endothelium-dependent vasodilation.
Authors:
Shuji Nakamura; Masashi Kimura; Chikara Goto; Kensuke Noma; Masao Yoshizumi; Kazuaki Chayama; Yasuki Kihara; Yukihito Higashi
Publication Detail:
Type:  Controlled Clinical Trial; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't     Date:  2009-02-23
Journal Detail:
Title:  Hypertension     Volume:  53     ISSN:  1524-4563     ISO Abbreviation:  Hypertension     Publication Date:  2009 Apr 
Date Detail:
Created Date:  2009-03-20     Completed Date:  2009-04-22     Revised Date:  -    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  7906255     Medline TA:  Hypertension     Country:  United States    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  674-81     Citation Subset:  IM    
Affiliation:
Department of Cardiovascular Physiology and Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Mimami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan. yhigashi@hiroshima-u.ac.jp
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MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Acetylcholine / administration & dosage
Adult
Endothelium, Vascular / drug effects,  physiology*
Enzyme Inhibitors / administration & dosage
Forearm / blood supply
Hematopoietic Stem Cells / cytology,  physiology
Humans
Infusions, Intra-Arterial
Ischemia / physiopathology*
Ischemic Preconditioning*
Male
Nitroarginine / administration & dosage
Nitroprusside / administration & dosage
Plethysmography
Smoking / adverse effects*
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / blood
Vasodilation / drug effects,  physiology*
Vasodilator Agents / administration & dosage
Young Adult
Chemical
Reg. No./Substance:
0/Enzyme Inhibitors; 0/VEGFA protein, human; 0/Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; 0/Vasodilator Agents; 15078-28-1/Nitroprusside; 2149-70-4/Nitroarginine; 51-84-3/Acetylcholine

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine


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