Document Detail


Chronic sinusitis with nasal polyps: staphylococcal exotoxin immunoglobulin E and cellular inflammation.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  15586797     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
BACKGROUND: The etiology of chronic sinusitis with nasal polyposis (CS/NP) remains enigmatic. Frequently, Staphylococcus aureus is present in the nose of CS/NP patients, although the significance is unclear. Recent reports have suggested the hypothesis that these bacteria may secrete exotoxins triggering the inflammatory mucosal changes seen in CS/NP. This mechanism of immunopathology has been established in other diseases associated with Staphylococcus colonization and exotoxin secretion such as atopic dermatitis. In atopic dermatitis, the exotoxins incite a local superantigen response in which clonal T-cell activation and massive cytokine release occur in the affected skin. Second, these exotoxins can act as traditional allergens, stimulating a typical immunoglobulin E (IgE) response in the serum, which has been correlated with disease severity. This study is designed to begin the assessment of the hypothesis that a similar mechanism takes place in CS/NP. METHODS: Serum was drawn from patients with CS/NP undergoing endoscopic sinus surgery as well as 13 atopic and nonatopic control subjects without sinusitis. IgE levels to S. aureus exotoxins A (SEA), SE exotoxins B (SEB), and toxic shock syndrome toxin 1 were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Tissue eosinophilia and the presence of lymphocytes on hemotoxylin and eosin-stained sections of polyps were scored by a blinded pathologist and correlated to presence of toxin IgE in the serum. RESULTS: Staphylococcal exotoxin (SE)-specific IgE was found in the serum of 5/10 (50%) of the patients with CS/NP. In contrast, 0/13 control patients had IgE to the exotoxins (p = 0.031). Polyp eosinophil, lymphocyte, and mononuclear cell counts were compared in IgE exotoxin-positive and -negative subjects. A trend toward increased eosinophil counts in patients with SE IgE (SE IgE+) was present, but not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: These results indicate that a high percentage of CS/NP patients show a systemic IgE response to S. aureus exotoxins in comparison with controls without CS/NP. Although these results are consistent with the actions of Staphylococcus toxins in other diseases, additional work is necessary to establish a local superantigen response in the nasal mucosa of CS/NP patients.
Authors:
David B Conley; Anju Tripathi; Anne M Ditto; Kathryn Reid; Leslie C Grammer; Robert C Kern
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Publication Detail:
Type:  Journal Article    
Journal Detail:
Title:  American journal of rhinology     Volume:  18     ISSN:  1050-6586     ISO Abbreviation:  Am J Rhinol     Publication Date:    2004 Sep-Oct
Date Detail:
Created Date:  2004-12-09     Completed Date:  2005-02-17     Revised Date:  -    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  8807268     Medline TA:  Am J Rhinol     Country:  United States    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  273-8     Citation Subset:  IM    
Affiliation:
Department of Otolaryngology--Head and Neck Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA.
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MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Adult
Chronic Disease
Exotoxins / immunology*
Humans
Immunoglobulin E / immunology*
Leukocytes, Mononuclear / immunology
Lymphocytes / immunology
Middle Aged
Nasal Polyps / immunology*
Sinusitis / immunology*
Staphylococcus aureus / immunology*
Chemical
Reg. No./Substance:
0/Exotoxins; 37341-29-0/Immunoglobulin E

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine


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