Document Detail


Chronic exposure to a simulated urban profile of ozone alters ventilatory responses to carbon dioxide challenge in rats.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  1916079     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
Male Fischer 344 rats were exposed to a simulated urban profile of ozone (O3) (9-hr ramped spike, integrated concentration = 0.19 ppm) for up to 78 weeks. Small, but statistically significant, changes in breathing patterns and mechanics in unanesthetized, restrained rats were observed at Weeks 1, 3, 13, 52, and 78 during postexposure challenge with 0, 4, and 8% carbon dioxide (CO2). The data indicate that O3 exposure caused an overall increase in expiratory resistance (Rc), but particularly at 78 weeks. This increase in Rc most likely accounts for the rats' reduced ability to increase ventilation during CO2 challenge compared to control rats. Reductions in CO2-induced tidal volume increases were observed in all O3-exposed animals during postexposure challenges to 4 and 8% CO2. Cumulatively, over all time points, spontaneous frequency of breathing and CO2-induced hyperventilation were also reduced. The decrease in frequency was dependent on a significant increase in the inspiratory time relative to control without a change in expiratory time. Light microscopic evaluation of the lung did not reveal any lesions associated with O3 exposure at any time point. Although statistically significant effects were detected, the etiology of the above-mentioned functional changes remains speculative. The potential relevance of these data to acute and chronic O3 exposure in humans is also discussed.
Authors:
J S Tepper; M J Wiester; M F Weber; S Fitzgerald; D L Costa
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Publication Detail:
Type:  Journal Article    
Journal Detail:
Title:  Fundamental and applied toxicology : official journal of the Society of Toxicology     Volume:  17     ISSN:  0272-0590     ISO Abbreviation:  Fundam Appl Toxicol     Publication Date:  1991 Jul 
Date Detail:
Created Date:  1991-11-13     Completed Date:  1991-11-13     Revised Date:  2006-11-15    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  8200838     Medline TA:  Fundam Appl Toxicol     Country:  UNITED STATES    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  52-60     Citation Subset:  IM    
Affiliation:
Man Tech Environmental Technology, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709.
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MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Aging / physiology
Air Pollutants / toxicity*
Airway Resistance / drug effects
Animals
Body Weight / drug effects
Carbon Dioxide / pharmacology*
Cyanates / toxicity
Isocyanates*
Lung / pathology
Lung Compliance / drug effects
Male
Ozone / toxicity*
Rats
Rats, Inbred F344
Respiration / drug effects*
Chemical
Reg. No./Substance:
0/Air Pollutants; 0/Cyanates; 0/Isocyanates; 10028-15-6/Ozone; 124-38-9/Carbon Dioxide; 624-83-9/methyl isocyanate

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine


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