Document Detail


Chronic Pulsatile Hyperglycemia Reduces Insulin Secretion and Increases Accumulation of Reactive Oxygen Species in Fetal Sheep Islets.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  22182602     Owner:  NLM     Status:  Publisher    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
Children from diabetic pregnancies have a greater incidence of Type 2 diabetes. Our objective was to determine if exposure to mild-moderate hyperglycemia, modeling managed diabetic pregnancies, affects fetal β-cell function. In sheep fetuses β-cell responsiveness was examined after two weeks of sustained hyperglycemia with 3 pulses/day, mimicking postprandial excursions, and compared to saline-infused controls (n=10). Two pulsatile hyperglycemia treatments were studied: mild (mPHG, n=5) with +15% sustained and +55% pulse; and moderate (PHG, n=10) with +20% sustained and +100% pulse. Fetal glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and glucose potentiated arginine insulin secretion were lower (P<0.05) in PHG (0.86±0.13 and 2.91±0.39 ng/ml plasma insulin) but not mPHG fetuses (1.21±0.08 and 4.25±0.56 ng/ml) compared to controls (1.58±0.25 and 4.51±0.56 ng/ml). Islet insulin content was 35% lower in PHG and 35% higher in mPHG versus controls (P<0.01). Insulin secretion and maximally stimulated insulin release were also reduced (P<0.05) in PHG islets due to lower islet insulin content. Isolated PHG islets also had 63% greater (P<0.01) ROS accumulation at 11.1 mmol/L glucose than controls (P<0.01), but oxidative damage was not detected in islet proteins. PHG fetuses showed evidence of oxidative damage to skeletal muscle proteins (P<0.05) but not insulin resistance. Our findings show that PHG induced dysregulation of islet ROS handling and decreased islet insulin content, but these outcomes are independent. The β-cell outcomes were dependent on the severity of hyperglycemia because mPHG fetuses had no distinguishable impairments in ROS handling or insulin secretion but greater insulin content.
Authors:
Alice S Green; Xiaochuan Chen; Antoni R Macko; Miranda J Anderson; Amy C Kelly; Nathaniel J Hart; Ronald M Lynch; Sean W Limesand
Publication Detail:
Type:  JOURNAL ARTICLE     Date:  2011-12-19
Journal Detail:
Title:  The Journal of endocrinology     Volume:  -     ISSN:  1479-6805     ISO Abbreviation:  -     Publication Date:  2011 Dec 
Date Detail:
Created Date:  2011-12-20     Completed Date:  -     Revised Date:  -    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  0375363     Medline TA:  J Endocrinol     Country:  -    
Other Details:
Languages:  ENG     Pagination:  -     Citation Subset:  -    
Affiliation:
A Green, Animal Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, United States.
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