Document Detail


Chitosan-mediated stimulation of macrophage function.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  7703317     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
According to the modern definition of biocompatibility, a biocompatible material need not be inert but be bioactive. A benign reactivity implies that the reactivity has to be appropriate for the intended use. Chitosan, a non-acetylated or partially deacetylated chitin (a linear homopolymer of beta (1-4)-linked N-acetylglucosamine) has been proposed as a biomaterial because of its apparent satisfactory biocompatibility. The present investigation demonstrates that chitosan has an in vitro stimulatory effect on both macrophage nitric oxide (NO) production and chemotaxis. The macrophage NO secretion is attributed to the N-acetylglucosamine unit of the chitosan molecule rather than to the glucosamine residue (28 and 15 microM NO respectively). Moreover, the immune stimulatory effect of chitosan was very specific since other glycosaminoglycans, such as N-acetyl-D-mannosamine and N-acetyl-D-galactosamine, had no effects on NO production (5 and 8 respectively). In vivo experiments strengthen this hypothesis. Transmission electron microscopy analysis identifies the presence of many leucocytes in the specimens after 14 d post-implantation, showing poor healing processes (i.e. fibroblast proliferation and collagen deposition) that characterize the tissue repair at this time in our animal model.
Authors:
G Peluso; O Petillo; M Ranieri; M Santin; L Ambrosio; D Calabró; B Avallone; G Balsamo
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Publication Detail:
Type:  Journal Article    
Journal Detail:
Title:  Biomaterials     Volume:  15     ISSN:  0142-9612     ISO Abbreviation:  Biomaterials     Publication Date:  1994 Dec 
Date Detail:
Created Date:  1995-05-09     Completed Date:  1995-05-09     Revised Date:  2004-11-17    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  8100316     Medline TA:  Biomaterials     Country:  ENGLAND    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  1215-20     Citation Subset:  IM    
Affiliation:
Institute of Protein Biochemistry and Enzymology, CNB, Naples, Italy.
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MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Acetylglucosamine / pharmacology
Animals
Biocompatible Materials / pharmacology*
Chemotactic Factors / pharmacology
Chemotaxis / drug effects
Chitin / analogs & derivatives*,  pharmacology
Chitosan
Concanavalin A / pharmacology
Glycosaminoglycans / pharmacology
Hemostatics / pharmacology
Leukocytes / cytology,  drug effects
Macrophage Activation / drug effects,  physiology
Macrophages, Peritoneal / drug effects*,  metabolism,  physiology*
Male
Microscopy, Electron
Nitric Oxide / biosynthesis
Nitrites / metabolism
Rats
Rats, Wistar
Stimulation, Chemical
Chemical
Reg. No./Substance:
0/Biocompatible Materials; 0/Chemotactic Factors; 0/Glycosaminoglycans; 0/Hemostatics; 0/Nitrites; 10102-43-9/Nitric Oxide; 11028-71-0/Concanavalin A; 1398-61-4/Chitin; 7512-17-6/Acetylglucosamine; 9012-76-4/Chitosan

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine


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