| Chemical structure analysis of starch and cellulose derivatives. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 20837199 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Starch and cellulose are the most abundant and important representatives of renewable biomass. Since the mid-19th century their properties have been changed by chemical modification for commercial and scientific purposes, and there substituted polymers have found a wide range of applications. However, the inherent polydispersity and supramolecular organization of starch and cellulose cause the products resulting from their modification to display high complexity. Chemical composition analysis of these mixtures is therefore a challenging task. Detailed knowledge on substitution patterns is fundamental for understanding structure-property relationships in modified cellulose and starch, and thus also for the improvement of reproducibility and rational design of properties. Substitution patterns resulting from kinetically or thermodynamically controlled reactions show certain preferences for the three available hydroxyl functions in (1→4)-linked glucans. Spurlin, seventy years ago, was the first to describe this in an idealized model, and nowadays this model has been extended and related to the next hierarchical levels, namely, the substituent distribution in and over the polymer chains. This structural complexity, with its implications for data interpretation, and the analytical approaches developed for its investigation are outlined in this article. Strategies and methods for the determination of the average degree of substitution (DS), monomer composition, and substitution patterns at the polymer level are presented and discussed with respect to their limitations and interpretability. Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, chromatography, capillary electrophoresis, and modern mass spectrometry (MS), including tandem MS, are the main instrumental techniques employed, in combination with appropriate sample preparation by chemical and enzymatic methods. |
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Authors:
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Petra Mischnick; Dane Momcilovic |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Review |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Advances in carbohydrate chemistry and biochemistry Volume: 64 ISSN: 0065-2318 ISO Abbreviation: Adv Carbohydr Chem Biochem Publication Date: 2010 |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2010-09-14 Completed Date: 2011-01-27 Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 0240537 Medline TA: Adv Carbohydr Chem Biochem Country: United States |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 117-210 Citation Subset: IM |
Copyright Information:
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Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. |
Affiliation:
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Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institute of Food Chemistry, Schleinitzstrasse 20, Braunschweig, Germany. |
Export Citation:
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APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex |
| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Cellulose
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analogs & derivatives*,
chemistry* Kinetics Polymerization Starch / analogs & derivatives*, chemistry* Thermodynamics |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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9004-34-6/Cellulose; 9005-25-8/Starch |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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