| Characterization of thiol-conjugated metabolites of ginger components shogaols in mouse and human urine and modulation of the glutathione levels in cancer cells by [6]-shogaol. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 23322393 Owner: NLM Status: Publisher |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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SCOPE: Shogaols, a series of major constituents in dried ginger with the most abundant being [6]-, [8]-, and [10]-shogaols, show much higher anticancer potencies than gingerols. Previously, we reported the mercapturic acid pathway as a major metabolic route for [6]-shogaol in mice. However, it is still unclear how the side chain length affects the metabolism of shogaols and how shogaols are metabolized in humans. METHODS AND RESULTS: We first investigate the metabolism of [10]-shogaol in mouse urine, and then investigate the biotransformation of shogaols in human urine. Our results show that eight major thiol-conjugated metabolites of [10]-shogaol were detected in mouse urine, while six major thiol-conjugated metabolites of [6]-shogaol, two thiol-conjugated metabolites of [8]-shogaol, and two thiol-conjugated metabolites of [10]-shogaol were detected in urine collected from human after drinking ginger tea, using LC/ESI-MS/MS. Our results clearly indicate the mercapturic acid pathway is a major metabolic route for [10]-shogaol in mice and for shogaols in human. Furthermore, we also investigated the regulation of glutathione (GSH) by [6]-shogaol in human colon cancer cells HCT-116. Our results show [6]-shogaol, after initially depleting glutathione levels, can subsequently restore and increase GSH levels over time. CONCLUSION: Shogaols are metabolized extensively in mouse and human to form thiol-conjugated metabolites and GSH might play an important role in the cancer-preventive activity of ginger. |
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Authors:
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Huadong Chen; Dominique N Soroka; Yuhui Hu; Xiaoxin Chen; Shengmin Sang |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: JOURNAL ARTICLE Date: 2013-1-16 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Molecular nutrition & food research Volume: - ISSN: 1613-4133 ISO Abbreviation: Mol Nutr Food Res Publication Date: 2013 Jan |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2013-1-16 Completed Date: - Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 101231818 Medline TA: Mol Nutr Food Res Country: - |
Other Details:
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Languages: ENG Pagination: - Citation Subset: - |
Copyright Information:
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© 2013 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim. |
Affiliation:
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Center for Excellence in Post-Harvest Technologies, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC, USA. |
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From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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