| Characteristics associated with the diversion of controlled medications among adolescents. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 21665384 Owner: NLM Status: Publisher |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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BACKGROUND: The objective of this study was to estimate the lifetime prevalence of diversion (i.e., trading, selling, giving away or loaning) of four classes of controlled medications (pain, stimulant, anti-anxiety, and sleeping) among adolescents, and to identify demographic and behavioral characteristics of adolescents who divert their own controlled medications. METHODS: A web-based survey was self-administered by 2744 secondary school students from two southeastern Michigan school districts in 2009-2010. The sample consisted of 51% females, 65% Whites, 29% African-Americans, 4% Asians, 1% Hispanics and 1% from other racial categories. RESULTS: Thirty-three percent of the students had ever been prescribed at least one controlled pain, stimulant, anti-anxiety, or sleeping medication. Approximately 13.8% (n=117) of lifetime prescribed users of controlled medications (n=848) had ever traded, sold, given away or loaned their medications. Multiple logistic regression analyses indicated that being approached to divert medications, nonmedical use of prescription medications, externalizing behaviors, and being non-White were significantly associated with the diversion of controlled medications. Multiple logistic regression analysis indicated that the odds of substance use and abuse for lifetime prescribed users who diverted their controlled medications were significantly greater than prescribed users who never diverted. CONCLUSIONS: The findings indicate that approximately one in seven prescribed users had diverted their controlled medications in their lifetimes. Being approached to divert medications and substance use are more prevalent among adolescents who diverted their controlled medications. Careful assessments, diligent prescribing and monitoring of controlled medications, and continual patient education could be useful in reducing medication diversion. |
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Authors:
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Sean Esteban McCabe; Brady T West; Christian J Teter; Paula Ross-Durow; Amy Young; Carol J Boyd |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: JOURNAL ARTICLE Date: 2011-6-10 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Drug and alcohol dependence Volume: - ISSN: 1879-0046 ISO Abbreviation: - Publication Date: 2011 Jun |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2011-6-13 Completed Date: - Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 7513587 Medline TA: Drug Alcohol Depend Country: - |
Other Details:
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Languages: ENG Pagination: - Citation Subset: - |
Copyright Information:
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Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. |
Affiliation:
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Institute for Research on Women and Gender, University of Michigan, 204 S. State St., Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1290, United States; Substance Abuse Research Center, University of Michigan, 1111 East Catherine Street (4th Floor), Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2054, United States. |
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From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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