Changes in diet and lifestyle and long-term weight gain in women and men.

Changes in diet and lifestyle and long-term weight gain in women and men.

MedLine Citation:	PMID: 21696306 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE
Abstract/OtherAbstract:	BACKGROUND: Specific dietary and other lifestyle behaviors may affect the success of the straightforward-sounding strategy "eat less and exercise more" for preventing long-term weight gain. METHODS: We performed prospective investigations involving three separate cohorts that included 120,877 U.S. women and men who were free of chronic diseases and not obese at baseline, with follow-up periods from 1986 to 2006, 1991 to 2003, and 1986 to 2006. The relationships between changes in lifestyle factors and weight change were evaluated at 4-year intervals, with multivariable adjustments made for age, baseline body-mass index for each period, and all lifestyle factors simultaneously. Cohort-specific and sex-specific results were similar and were pooled with the use of an inverse-variance-weighted meta-analysis. RESULTS: Within each 4-year period, participants gained an average of 3.35 lb (5th to 95th percentile, -4.1 to 12.4). On the basis of increased daily servings of individual dietary components, 4-year weight change was most strongly associated with the intake of potato chips (1.69 lb), potatoes (1.28 lb), sugar-sweetened beverages (1.00 lb), unprocessed red meats (0.95 lb), and processed meats (0.93 lb) and was inversely associated with the intake of vegetables (-0.22 lb), whole grains (-0.37 lb), fruits (-0.49 lb), nuts (-0.57 lb), and yogurt (-0.82 lb) (P≤0.005 for each comparison). Aggregate dietary changes were associated with substantial differences in weight change (3.93 lb across quintiles of dietary change). Other lifestyle factors were also independently associated with weight change (P<0.001), including physical activity (-1.76 lb across quintiles); alcohol use (0.41 lb per drink per day), smoking (new quitters, 5.17 lb; former smokers, 0.14 lb), sleep (more weight gain with <6 or >8 hours of sleep), and television watching (0.31 lb per hour per day). CONCLUSIONS: Specific dietary and lifestyle factors are independently associated with long-term weight gain, with a substantial aggregate effect and implications for strategies to prevent obesity. (Funded by the National Institutes of Health and others.).

Authors:	Dariush Mozaffarian; Tao Hao; Eric B Rimm; Walter C Willett; Frank B Hu
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Publication Detail:	Type: Journal Article; Meta-Analysis; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Journal Detail:	Title: The New England journal of medicine Volume: 364 ISSN: 1533-4406 ISO Abbreviation: N. Engl. J. Med. Publication Date: 2011 Jun
Date Detail:	Created Date: 2011-06-23 Completed Date: 2011-06-30 Revised Date: 2012-01-16
Medline Journal Info:	Nlm Unique ID: 0255562 Medline TA: N Engl J Med Country: United States
Other Details:	Languages: eng Pagination: 2392-404 Citation Subset: AIM; IM
Affiliation:	Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. dmozaffa@hsph.harvard.edu
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MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:	Adult Alcohol Drinking / physiopathology Cohort Studies Diet* Exercise / physiology Female Food Habits / physiology* Health Behavior Humans Life Style* Male Middle Aged Multivariate Analysis Sleep / physiology Smoking / physiopathology Weight Gain*
Grant Support
ID/Acronym/Agency:	CA50385/CA/NCI NIH HHS; CA55075/CA/NCI NIH HHS; CA87969/CA/NCI NIH HHS; CA95589/CA/NCI NIH HHS; DK46200/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS; DK58845/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS; HL085710/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS; HL35464/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS; HL60712/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS; P01 CA055075-15/CA/NCI NIH HHS; P01 CA087969-13/CA/NCI NIH HHS; P30 DK040561-15/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS; P30 DK046200-15/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS; R01 CA050385-20/CA/NCI NIH HHS; R01 CA095589-09/CA/NCI NIH HHS; R01 DK056690-12/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS; R01 DK058845-11/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS; R01 DK058845-12/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS; R01 HL035464-22/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS; R01 HL060712-11/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS; R01 HL085710-05/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS
Comments/Corrections
Comment In:	N Engl J Med. 2011 Sep 15;365(11):1058-9; author reply 1059 [PMID: 21916648 ] N Engl J Med. 2011 Sep 15;365(11):1058; author reply 1059 [PMID: 21916649 ] Praxis (Bern 1994). 2011 Oct 19;100(21):1307-8 [PMID: 22012757 ]

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