| Cerebral amino acid profiles after hypoxia-reoxygenation and N-acetylcysteine treatment in the newborn piglet. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 19864926 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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BACKGROUND: Neonatal hypoxia-ischemia (HI) is a common clinical occurrence. Recently, much evidence has been gathered to suggest that oxygen free radicals are implicated in the pathogenesis of hypoxia-reoxygenation injury through the initiation and propagation of toxic cascades including glutamate excitotoxicity and the manifestation of post-HI neurologic disorders. Following HI, excessive free radicals are formed and antioxidant defenses are diminished. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is a clinically available antioxidant and has been previously shown to reduce oxidative stress and scavenge free radicals in multiple models of brain injury. OBJECTIVES: Using an acutely instrumented swine model of neonatal hypoxia-reoxygenation, the objective of the present study was to examine the neurochemical effects of NAC administration in 5 brain regions exquisitely vulnerable to severe hypoxia. METHODS: In a blinded fashion, newborn piglets (1-4 d, 1.4-2.2 kg) were block randomized into surgical sham (SHAM), hypoxic control (HC) and NAC-treated (H-NAC) groups. Both HC and H-NAC piglets were subject to 2 h of alveolar hypoxia (paO(2) = 20-40 mm Hg) and then resuscitated with 100% O(2 )for 1 h followed by 21% for an additional 3 h. RESULTS: Our results show that two hours of severe hypoxemia causes metabolic acidosis and significant changes in cerebral amino acids including glutamate, aspartate and alanine, in all brain regions investigated including the cortex, basal ganglia and thalamus. The administration of NAC 10 min into the reoxygenation period and subsequently continued as an infusion, maintains post-resuscitation amino acid neurochemistry at the levels observed in SHAM piglets. CONCLUSIONS: In newborn piglets that have sustained brain injury related to hypoxia/reoxygenation, the administration of NAC does not disrupt cerebral amino acid balance and maintains cerebral amino acid homeostasis. |
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Authors:
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Lauren L Jantzie; Po-Yin Cheung; Scott T Johnson; David L Bigam; Kathryn G Todd |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Evaluation Studies; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Date: 2009-10-28 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Neonatology Volume: 97 ISSN: 1661-7819 ISO Abbreviation: Neonatology Publication Date: 2010 |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2010-03-24 Completed Date: 2010-08-06 Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 101286577 Medline TA: Neonatology Country: Switzerland |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 195-203 Citation Subset: IM |
Copyright Information:
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Copyright 2009 S. Karger AG, Basel. |
Affiliation:
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Neurochemical Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R7, Canada. |
Export Citation:
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APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex |
| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Acetylcysteine
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administration & dosage,
pharmacology* Amino Acids / analysis, metabolism* Animals Animals, Newborn Antioxidants / administration & dosage, pharmacology Asphyxia Neonatorum / drug therapy, metabolism Cerebrum / chemistry, metabolism* Disease Models, Animal Drug Administration Schedule Free Radical Scavengers / administration & dosage, pharmacology Humans Hypoxia, Brain / metabolism*, rehabilitation Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain / drug therapy, metabolism Infant, Newborn Metabolome / drug effects Oxygen / pharmacology* Reperfusion Injury / metabolism Resuscitation Swine |
| Grant Support | |
ID/Acronym/Agency:
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//Canadian Institutes of Health Research |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Amino Acids; 0/Antioxidants; 0/Free Radical Scavengers; 616-91-1/Acetylcysteine; 7782-44-7/Oxygen |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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