Document Detail


Cavitation phenomena in mechanical heart valves: studied by using a physical impinging rod system.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  20490686     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
When studying mechanical heart valve cavitation, a physical model allows direct flow field and pressure measurements that are difficult to perform with actual valves, as well as separate testing of water hammer and squeeze flow effects. Movable rods of 5 and 10 mm diameter impinged same-sized stationary rods to simulate squeeze flow. A 24 mm piston within a tube simulated water hammer. Adding a 5 mm stationary rod within the tube generated both effects simultaneously. Charged-coupled device (CCD) laser displacement sensors, strobe lighting technique, laser Doppler velocimetry (LDV), particle image velocimetry (PIV) and high fidelity piezoelectric pressure transducers measured impact velocities, cavitation images, squeeze flow velocities, vortices, and pressure changes at impact, respectively. The movable rods created cavitation at critical impact velocities of 1.6 and 1.2 m/s; squeeze flow velocities were 2.8 and 4.64 m/s. The isolated water hammer created cavitation at 1.3 m/s piston speed. The combined piston and stationary rod created cavitation at an impact speed of 0.9 m/s and squeeze flow of 3.2 m/s. These results show squeeze flow alone caused cavitation, notably at lower impact velocity as contact area increased. Water hammer alone also caused cavitation with faster displacement. Both effects together were additive. The pressure change at the vortex center was only 150 mmHg, which cannot generate the magnitude of pressure drop required for cavitation bubble formation. Cavitation occurred at 3-5 m/s squeeze flow, significantly different from the 14 m/s derived by Bernoulli's equation; the temporal acceleration of unsteady flow requires further study.
Authors:
Chi-Wen Lo; Sheng-Fu Chen; Chi-Pei Li; Po-Chien Lu
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Publication Detail:
Type:  Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't     Date:  2010-05-20
Journal Detail:
Title:  Annals of biomedical engineering     Volume:  38     ISSN:  1521-6047     ISO Abbreviation:  Ann Biomed Eng     Publication Date:  2010 Oct 
Date Detail:
Created Date:  2010-09-16     Completed Date:  2010-12-30     Revised Date:  -    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  0361512     Medline TA:  Ann Biomed Eng     Country:  United States    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  3162-72     Citation Subset:  IM    
Affiliation:
National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan 70456, Taiwan.
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MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Animals
Blood Flow Velocity / physiology
Blood Viscosity / physiology*
Heart Valves / physiology*
Humans
Models, Cardiovascular*

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine


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