| The Carotid Body and Arousal in the Fetus and Neonate. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 22684039 Owner: NLM Status: Publisher |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Arousal from sleep is a major defense mechanism in infants against hypoxia and/or hypercapnia. Arousal failure may be an important contributor to SIDS. Areas of the brainstem that have been found to be abnormal in a majority of SIDS infants are involved in the arousal process. Arousal is sleep state dependent, being depressed during AS in most mammals, but depressed during QS in human infants. Repeated exposure to hypoxia causes a progressive blunting of arousal that may involve medullary raphe GABAergic mechanisms. Whereas CB chemoreceptors contribute heavily to arousal in response to hypoxia, serotonergic central chemoreceptors have been implicated in the arousal response to CO(2). Pulmonary or chest wall mechanoreceptors also contribute to arousal in proportion to the ventilatory response and decreases in their input may contribute to depressed arousal during AS. Little is known about specific arousal pathways beyond the NTS. Whether CB chemoreceptor stimulation directly stimulates arousal centersor whether this is done indirectly through respiratory networks remains unknown. This review will focus on arousal in response to hypoxia and CO(2) in the fetus and newborn and will outlinewhat we know (and don't know) about the involvement of the carotid body in this process. |
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Authors:
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Robert A Darnall |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: JOURNAL ARTICLE Date: 2012-6-7 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Respiratory physiology & neurobiology Volume: - ISSN: 1878-1519 ISO Abbreviation: - Publication Date: 2012 Jun |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2012-6-11 Completed Date: - Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 101140022 Medline TA: Respir Physiol Neurobiol Country: - |
Other Details:
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Languages: ENG Pagination: - Citation Subset: - |
Copyright Information:
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Copyright © 2012. Published by Elsevier B.V. |
Affiliation:
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Department of Pediatrics Department of Physiology and Neurobiology Borwell Building Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center 1 Medical Center Drive Lebanon, NH 03756. |
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From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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