Document Detail


Cardioprotective effects of amlodipine in the ischemic-reperfused heart.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  2530882     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
Amlodipine is a dihydropyridine derivative belonging to the group of pharmacologic calcium entry blocking agents and is characterized as having a slow onset and relatively long duration of action with minimal effects on cardiac electrophysiology and myocardial contractility. The protective effect of amlodipine was studied in isolated blood-perfused feline hearts made globally ischemic for 60 minutes followed by reperfusion for 60 minutes. Ischemic-induced alterations of left ventricular developed pressure and complicance were monitored. In 11 control and 7 drug-treated hearts, amlodipine produced significant decreases in myocardial oxygen consumption (6.2 +/- 0.4 to 4.4 +/- 0.4 ml oxygen/min/100 g) and coronary vascular resistance, as assessed by changes in perfusion pressure (120 +/- 1 to 100 +/- 4 mm Hg). Amlodipine administered before the onset of global ischemia decreased the development of ischemic contracture as reflected by a progressive increase in resting left ventricular diastolic pressure. The return of contractile function, 60 minutes afer reperfusion, improved significantly in the amlodipine-treated group compared with controls, and there was better maintenance of the tissue concentration of Na+, Ca2+ and K+. A canine model of regional myocardial ischemia (90 minutes) followed by 6 hours of reperfusion was used to assess the cardioprotective effects of amlodipine, 150 micrograms/kg, administered 15 minutes before reperfusion. Infarct size, expressed as a percentage of the area at risk, was smaller in the amlodipine-treated group (n = 10) than in the control group (n = 10) (34.5 +/- 3.8% vs 45.9 +/- 2.8%, p = 0.027). Risk region size did not differ between groups and both groups were comparable with respect to the hemodynamic parameters of heart rate, blood pressure and rate-pressure product. Amlodipine prevented the gradual reduction in coronary blood flow observed in the control group. It is concluded that amlodipine reduces myocardial ischemic injury by mechanism(s) that may involve a reduction in myocardial oxygen demand as well as by positively influencing transmembrane Ca2+ fluxes during ischemia and reperfusion.
Authors:
P T Hoff; Y Tamura; B R Lucchesi
Publication Detail:
Type:  In Vitro; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.    
Journal Detail:
Title:  The American journal of cardiology     Volume:  64     ISSN:  0002-9149     ISO Abbreviation:  Am. J. Cardiol.     Publication Date:  1989 Nov 
Date Detail:
Created Date:  1989-12-12     Completed Date:  1989-12-12     Revised Date:  2007-11-14    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  0207277     Medline TA:  Am J Cardiol     Country:  UNITED STATES    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  101I-115I discussion 115I-116I     Citation Subset:  AIM; IM    
Affiliation:
Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor 48109-0626.
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MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Amlodipine
Animals
Blood Pressure / drug effects
Calcium / metabolism
Calcium Channel Blockers
Cats
Compliance / drug effects
Coronary Circulation / drug effects
Electrophysiology
Female
Heart / drug effects*,  physiopathology
Heart Ventricles
Male
Myocardial Contraction / drug effects
Myocardial Infarction / pathology
Myocardial Reperfusion Injury / prevention & control*
Myocardium / metabolism
Nifedipine / pharmacology
Rest
Grant Support
ID/Acronym/Agency:
HL-19782-10/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS
Chemical
Reg. No./Substance:
0/Calcium Channel Blockers; 21829-25-4/Nifedipine; 7440-70-2/Calcium; 88150-42-9/Amlodipine

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine


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