Cardio-renal and metabolic adaptations during pregnancy in female rats born small: implications for maternal health and second generation fetal growth.

Cardio-renal and metabolic adaptations during pregnancy in female rats born small: implications for maternal health and second generation fetal growth.

MedLine Citation:	PMID: 22144579 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE
Abstract/OtherAbstract:	Intrauterine growth restriction caused by uteroplacental insufficiency increases risk of cardiovascular and metabolic disease in offspring. Cardio-renal and metabolic responses to pregnancy are critical determinants of immediate and long-term maternal health. However, no studies to date have investigated the renal and metabolic adaptations in growth restricted offspring when they in turn become pregnant. We hypothesised that the physiological challenge of pregnancy in growth restricted females exacerbates disease outcome and compromises next generation fetal growth. Uteroplacental insufficiency was induced by bilateral uterine vessel ligation (Restricted) or sham surgery (Control) on day 18 of gestation in WKY rats and F1 female offspring birth and postnatal body weights were recorded. F1 Control and Restricted females were mated at 4 months and blood pressure, renal and metabolic parameters were measured in late pregnancy and F2 fetal and placental weights recorded. Age-matched non-pregnant Control and Restricted F1 females were also studied. F1 Restricted females were born 10-15% lighter than Controls. Basal insulin secretion and pancreatic β-cell mass were reduced in non-pregnant Restricted females but restored in pregnancy. Pregnant Restricted females, however, showed impaired glucose tolerance and compensatory glomerular hypertrophy, with a nephron deficit but normal renal function and blood pressure. F2 fetuses from Restricted mothers exposed to physiological measures during pregnancy were lighter than Controls highlighting additive adverse effects when mothers born small experience stress during pregnancy. Female rats born small exhibit mostly normal cardio-renal adaptations but altered glucose control during late pregnancy making them vulnerable to lifestyle challenges.

Authors:	Linda A Gallo; Melanie Tran; Karen M Moritz; Marc Q Mazzuca; Laura J Parry; Kerryn T Westcott; Andrew J Jefferies; Luise A Cullen-McEwen; Mary E Wlodek
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Publication Detail:	Type: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Date: 2011-12-05
Journal Detail:	Title: The Journal of physiology Volume: 590 ISSN: 1469-7793 ISO Abbreviation: J. Physiol. (Lond.) Publication Date: 2012 Feb
Date Detail:	Created Date: 2012-02-02 Completed Date: 2012-06-21 Revised Date: 2013-04-08
Medline Journal Info:	Nlm Unique ID: 0266262 Medline TA: J Physiol Country: England
Other Details:	Languages: eng Pagination: 617-30 Citation Subset: IM
Affiliation:	Department of Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia.
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MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:	Animals Blood Glucose / analysis Body Weight Female Fetal Growth Retardation / pathology, physiopathology* Heart / growth & development Insulin / blood Kidney / pathology, physiology Male Organ Size Pancreas / growth & development, pathology Placental Insufficiency / pathology, physiopathology Pregnancy Rats Rats, Inbred WKY Uterus / growth & development
Chemical
Reg. No./Substance:	0/Blood Glucose; 0/Insulin
Comments/Corrections
Comment In:	J Physiol. 2012 Mar 1;590(Pt 5):1019 [PMID: 22399819 ]

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