| Cannabis in sport: anti-doping perspective. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 21985215 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Since 2004, when the World Anti-Doping Agency assumed the responsibility for establishing and maintaining the list of prohibited substances and methods in sport (i.e. the Prohibited List), cannabinoids have been prohibited in all sports during competition. The basis for this prohibition can be found in the World Anti-Doping Code, which defines the three criteria used to consider banning a substance. In this context, we discuss the potential of cannabis to enhance sports performance, the risk it poses to the athlete's health and its violation of the spirit of sport. Although these compounds are prohibited in-competition only, we explain why the pharmacokinetics of their main psychoactive compound, Δ(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol, may complicate the results management of adverse analytical findings. Passive inhalation does not appear to be a plausible explanation for a positive test. Although the prohibition of cannabinoids in sports is one of the most controversial issues in anti-doping, in this review we stress the reasons behind this prohibition, with strong emphasis on the evolving knowledge of cannabinoid pharmacology. |
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Authors:
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Marilyn A Huestis; Irene Mazzoni; Olivier Rabin |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Review |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) Volume: 41 ISSN: 1179-2035 ISO Abbreviation: Sports Med Publication Date: 2011 Nov |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2011-10-11 Completed Date: 2012-02-24 Revised Date: 2013-05-16 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 8412297 Medline TA: Sports Med Country: New Zealand |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 949-66 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Chemistry and Drug Metabolism, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA. mhuestis@intra.nida.nih.gov |
Export Citation:
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APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex |
| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Cannabinoids
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adverse effects,
pharmacokinetics,
pharmacology* Cannabis* Competitive Behavior* Doping in Sports* / legislation & jurisprudence, prevention & control Humans |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Cannabinoids |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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