| Canine and feline caval syndrome. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 9753797 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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The caval syndrome is a serious complication of chronic heartworm (Dirofilaria immitis) disease in dogs and cats. The syndrome is characterized by acute anorexia, respiratory distress, weakness, right-sided cardiac murmur, anemia, hemoglobinuria, hepatic and renal dysfunction, signs of forward and backward heart failure, and, possibly, disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Retrograde migration of adult heartworms from the pulmonary arteries to the right ventricle, right atrium, and venae cavae causes disruption of the tricuspid apparatus. Valvular insufficiency, with concurrent pulmonary hypertension, reduces cardiac output thus resulting in forward and backward heart failure. Additionally, red blood cells are traumatized and hemolyzed as they flow through the mass of worms. Therapy consists of supportive care and the removal of the heartworm mass from the right ventricular inflow tract. Caval syndrome in dogs and cats is associated with high mortality rates and generally has a guarded to poor prognosis. |
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Authors:
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K N Strickland |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Review |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Clinical techniques in small animal practice Volume: 13 ISSN: 1096-2867 ISO Abbreviation: Clin Tech Small Anim Pract Publication Date: 1998 May |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 1998-10-20 Completed Date: 1998-10-20 Revised Date: 2005-11-16 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 9806359 Medline TA: Clin Tech Small Anim Pract Country: UNITED STATES |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 88-95 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Louisiana State University, School of Veterinary Medicine, Baton Rouge 70803, USA. |
Export Citation:
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APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex |
| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Animals Cat Diseases / pathology* Cats Diagnosis, Differential Dirofilariasis / complications*, pathology Dog Diseases / pathology* Dogs Echocardiography / veterinary Heart Valve Diseases / diagnosis, physiopathology, veterinary* Superior Vena Cava Syndrome / diagnosis, physiopathology, veterinary* Syndrome |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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