Document Detail


Cancer anorexia-cachexia syndrome: cytokines and neuropeptides.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  15192446     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Cancer anorexia-cachexia syndrome is observed in 80% of patients in the advanced stages of cancer and is a strong independent risk factor for mortality. Numerous cytokines produced by tumor and immune cells, interacting with the neuropeptidergic system, mediate the cachectic effect of cancer. Since there is currently no effective pharmacological treatment and the anorexia-cachexia syndrome continues to be defined biochemically, we review the role of cytokines and neuropeptides in this process. RECENT FINDINGS: Currently data suggest that cancer anorexia-cachexia syndrome results from a multifactorial process involving many mediators, including hormones (e.g. leptin), neuropeptides (e.g. neuropeptide Y, melanocortin, melanin-concentrating hormone and orexin) and cytokines (e.g. interleukin 1, interleukin 6, tumor necrosis factor alpha and interferon gamma). It is likely that close interrelation among these mediators exists in the hypothalamus, decreasing food intake and leading to cachexia. SUMMARY: In the pathogenesis of cancer anorexia, cytokines play a pivotal role influencing the imbalance of orexigenic and anorexigenic circuits that regulate the homeostatic loop of body-weight regulation, leading to cachexia. Interfering pharmacologically with cytokine expression or neural transduction of cytokine signals can be an effective therapeutic strategy in anorectic patients before they develop cancer anorexia-cachexia syndrome.
Authors:
Eduardo J B Ramos; Susumu Suzuki; Daniel Marks; Akio Inui; Akihiro Asakawa; Michael M Meguid
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Publication Detail:
Type:  Journal Article; Review    
Journal Detail:
Title:  Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care     Volume:  7     ISSN:  1363-1950     ISO Abbreviation:  Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care     Publication Date:  2004 Jul 
Date Detail:
Created Date:  2004-06-11     Completed Date:  2004-12-02     Revised Date:  2007-11-15    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  9804399     Medline TA:  Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care     Country:  England    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  427-34     Citation Subset:  IM    
Affiliation:
Surgical Metabolism and Nutrition Laboratory, Neuroscience Program, Department of Surgery, University Hospital, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA.
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MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Animals
Anorexia / etiology,  physiopathology*
Cachexia / etiology,  physiopathology*
Cytokines / metabolism,  physiology*
Ghrelin
Humans
Leptin / metabolism,  physiology
Neoplasms / complications,  physiopathology*
Neuropeptides / metabolism,  physiology*
Peptide Hormones / metabolism,  physiology
Syndrome
Chemical
Reg. No./Substance:
0/Cytokines; 0/Ghrelin; 0/Leptin; 0/Neuropeptides; 0/Peptide Hormones

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