Document Detail


Can experimental paradigms and animal models be used to discover clinically effective medications for alcoholism?
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  16318951     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
Evaluating medications in animal laboratory paradigms can reveal whether the compound is effective in an established alcoholism model, at clinically relevant doses and exposure conditions, when administered orally (or transdermally) and without serious limiting side effects. Positive outcomes constitute a possible discovery for relevance to alcoholism and, under favorable marketing conditions, encourage further development. Medication testing using animal models of alcoholism might also guide clinical testing by discriminating clinically effective from clinically ineffective compounds. This ability rests on whether there are tests or, more reasonably, batteries of tests having this discriminative ability. The present paper examines this possibility. Effects of naltrexone and acamprosate in animal paradigms which model behavioral aspects of alcoholism are reviewed and compared with the effects of compounds which have limited effects in alcoholics. It is not clear at present whether any single paradigm or combination of paradigms differentiates clinically effective from clinically limited compounds. Steps are suggested to improve the use of preclinical laboratory tests to predict which compounds are likely to be effective medications for reducing drinking and sustaining abstinence in human alcoholics.
Authors:
Mark Egli
Publication Detail:
Type:  Comparative Study; Journal Article; Review    
Journal Detail:
Title:  Addiction biology     Volume:  10     ISSN:  1355-6215     ISO Abbreviation:  Addict Biol     Publication Date:  2005 Dec 
Date Detail:
Created Date:  2005-12-01     Completed Date:  2006-04-03     Revised Date:  2007-11-15    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  9604935     Medline TA:  Addict Biol     Country:  England    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  309-19     Citation Subset:  IM    
Affiliation:
Division of Neuroscience and Behavior, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services Bethesda, MD 20892-9304, USA. megli@mail.nih.gov
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MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Alcohol Deterrents / administration & dosage*,  toxicity
Alcoholism / rehabilitation*
Animals
Clinical Trials as Topic
Disease Models, Animal*
Drug Evaluation, Preclinical
Humans
Naltrexone / administration & dosage,  toxicity
Rodentia
Taurine / administration & dosage,  analogs & derivatives,  toxicity
Chemical
Reg. No./Substance:
0/Alcohol Deterrents; 107-35-7/Taurine; 16590-41-3/Naltrexone; 77337-76-9/acamprosate

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine


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