| Can experimental paradigms and animal models be used to discover clinically effective medications for alcoholism? | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 16318951 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Evaluating medications in animal laboratory paradigms can reveal whether the compound is effective in an established alcoholism model, at clinically relevant doses and exposure conditions, when administered orally (or transdermally) and without serious limiting side effects. Positive outcomes constitute a possible discovery for relevance to alcoholism and, under favorable marketing conditions, encourage further development. Medication testing using animal models of alcoholism might also guide clinical testing by discriminating clinically effective from clinically ineffective compounds. This ability rests on whether there are tests or, more reasonably, batteries of tests having this discriminative ability. The present paper examines this possibility. Effects of naltrexone and acamprosate in animal paradigms which model behavioral aspects of alcoholism are reviewed and compared with the effects of compounds which have limited effects in alcoholics. It is not clear at present whether any single paradigm or combination of paradigms differentiates clinically effective from clinically limited compounds. Steps are suggested to improve the use of preclinical laboratory tests to predict which compounds are likely to be effective medications for reducing drinking and sustaining abstinence in human alcoholics. |
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Authors:
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Mark Egli |
Publication Detail:
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Type: Comparative Study; Journal Article; Review |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Addiction biology Volume: 10 ISSN: 1355-6215 ISO Abbreviation: Addict Biol Publication Date: 2005 Dec |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2005-12-01 Completed Date: 2006-04-03 Revised Date: 2007-11-15 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 9604935 Medline TA: Addict Biol Country: England |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 309-19 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Division of Neuroscience and Behavior, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services Bethesda, MD 20892-9304, USA. megli@mail.nih.gov |
Export Citation:
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Alcohol Deterrents
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administration & dosage*,
toxicity Alcoholism / rehabilitation* Animals Clinical Trials as Topic Disease Models, Animal* Drug Evaluation, Preclinical Humans Naltrexone / administration & dosage, toxicity Rodentia Taurine / administration & dosage, analogs & derivatives, toxicity |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Alcohol Deterrents; 107-35-7/Taurine; 16590-41-3/Naltrexone; 77337-76-9/acamprosate |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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